AP GOV unit 2

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20 Terms

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Bicameral Legislature
A legislature with two separate chambers, as seen in Congress, which consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate.
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Enumerated Powers
Powers specifically listed in Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution, including federal funding and foreign policy.
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Implied Powers
Powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution but necessary to carry out the enumerated powers, justified by the Necessary and Proper Clause.
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Speaker of the House
The leader of the House of Representatives, chosen by members of the House and typically from the majority party.
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Committee of the Whole
A procedural move in the House that relaxes debate rules to allow for quicker consideration of amendments.
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Filibuster
A tactic used in the Senate to delay or block legislation by extending debate.
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Cloture Rule
A procedure to end a filibuster, requiring a two-thirds vote (60 senators) to bring a bill to a vote.
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Rider
An additional provision added to a bill that may not be related to the main topic, often aimed at benefiting a representative's agenda.
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Pork Barrel Spending
Government spending that benefits a specific location, often used to win votes or support for legislation.
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Gerrymandering
The practice of drawing congressional districts in a way that gives one political party an advantage over others.
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Joint Committee
A committee composed of members from both the House and Senate, typically focused on specific issues.
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Judicial Activism
The judicial philosophy that the court should actively interpret the Constitution to promote social change.
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Judicial Restraint
The judicial philosophy that judges should limit their own power by adhering closely to the Constitution as written.
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Iron Triangle
The relationship among bureaucratic agencies, congressional committees, and interest groups that influences policy-making.
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Administrative Discretion
The ability of bureaucrats to make choices concerning the best way to implement laws.
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Significant Power of the Speaker
Controls debate and committee assignments; recognized as a leader in the House of Representatives.
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Bureaucratic Accountability
The mechanisms in place to hold bureaucratic agencies responsible for their actions and decisions.
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Census
A population count that occurs every ten years, used to apportion representatives among the states.
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Necessary and Proper Clause
Allows Congress to make laws required to exercise its enumerated powers, sometimes called the Elastic Clause.
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Marbury v. Madison
The landmark case that established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.