essentials us hist - chapter 17 inquiz [the new south & the new west]

what change did the national census of 1890 indicate that had not previously occurred in U.S. history?

it was the first census to indicate that Americans had populated the country from coast to coast.

[T/F] the new generation of African Americans born after the Civil War were much more submissive than their parents, fearful that any transgression would spur the resurgence of slave labor.

false

in a devastated South, many White southerners began to romanticize the Old South and embrace the idea of the "Lost Cause."

how did this nostalgia effect the creation of a so-called New South?

the "Lost Cause" was a view of southerners during the Civil War as righteous defenders of their homeland & culture against northern aggression.

the 1851 Fort Laramie Treaty ensured that Plains Indians maintained some of their ancestral homeland. what contributed to the provisions of the treaty?

chiefs from numerous Plains Indian tribes agreed to accept defined territorial borders for the Native Americans but had to allow White settlers' wagon caravans to pass through.

identify the experiences for women in the American West that were unique from those of women in the rest of the country.

- in many mining towns, the ratio of men to women was 9 to 1.

- because of the constant fight for survival, married women in the West became more equal partners with their husbands than those women in the East.

- women on the prairie became more independent than women back East.

during the late nineteenth century, what were the social & economic circumstances that advocates for a New South faced in the postwar South compared to those in the North?

- the South was far less successful than the North, both in education & income.

- the South was far less industrial than the North & depended on the region for goods that southern states were incapable of manufacturing themselves.

Mississippi was the leading state in __ for both Blacks and poor Whites. In 1890, the state adopted the __, which consisted of various state constitutional amendments that initiated a wave of similar legislation that would spread to __ additional states.

voter suppression; Mississippi Plan; nine

identify the various strategies of voter suppression carried out through the Mississippi Plan.

- prohibiting voters convicted of certain crimes from casting a ballot

- requiring voters to reside in the state for two years, with one-year residency in the election district

- requiring voters to have paid all taxes, including a specific tax for voting called a poll tax

moved their families west into the Great Plains

farmers

originated in Texas and traveled northward, with many ending up in Great Basin of Utah & Nevada

cowboys

lured by the most recent strike, traveled east from California into Utah & Nevada

miners

[T/F] Frederick Jackson Turner theorized that the West would maintain all of the characteristics that arose as a result of the frontier era.

false

how did an economic system of sharecroppers and tenants fail to uphold Henry Grady's vision of the New South?

- land became extremely difficult to acquire, and a majority of southern farmers were landless & barely surviving.

- the agricultural landscape of the South was far less diverse than Grady envisioned.

- the South was much less industrial than Grady envisioned.

between 1865 & 1900, both the West & South had changed considerably. identify the statements that accurately reflect this transformation.

- the discontent of western and southern farmers & farmworkers connected the two groups & gave rise to the Populist movement.

- Americans had spread across the entire continent from one ocean to another, marking the end to the frontier era.

- the introduction of commercial farming in the West meant that many homesteaders had become wage laborers who migrated from state to state depending on the growing season.

contrary to romanticized depictions of life in the West, in reality, miners, farmers, ranchers, women, railroad workers, & others often faced hardship as they sought to carve out a life for themselves in the region.

which statements accurately describe some of the challenges experienced by migrants in the West?

- the push for quick profits contributed to a boom-and-bust economic cycle in the region.

- the adoption of barbed-wire fencing caused many smaller-scale cattle ranchers to go out of business.

- the rise of commercial agriculture meant that many small farmers were unable to keep up.

what does this quotation suggest about the social or economic forces that may have driven homesteaders to seek new opportunities in the West?

- limited land and space in urbanized areas pushed some to consider accepting the possible challenges of life in the West.

- to some, the image of farm life and the autonomy it provided was an attractive alternative to urbanized labor.

in the midst of the Jim Crow system of the late nineteenth century, which of the following are examples of African American resistance?

- Booker T. Washington founded the Tuskegee Institute for vocational training and urged Black Americans to work hard to achieve economic self-sufficiency.

- in response to being excluded from White schools & churches, African Americans established their own institutions, which became hubs for the development of Black community life.

- Ida B. Wells used journalism to attack injustice & advocate for the protection of African American voting rights.