Nachi/Internachi-How to Perform Roof Inspections-4 Credits

The pitch __________ expressed numerically as a fraction.

can be

_______ can be expressed either by a ratio or by inches per foot.

slope

Gable roofs have _______ slope(s).

two

The lower, level edges of a gable roof are called the _____, and the sloped edges are called the _____.

eaves, rakes

_____ is the incline of the roof expressed as a ratio of the vertical rise to the horizontal run, where the run is some portion of the span.

slope

In roof framing, the base of the triangle is called the _____.

run

A 4-in-12 _________ can be expressed as the ratio of 4:12.

slope

T/F: Most asphalt shingles may be used on roof slopes from 4:12 to 21:12, using standard application methods.

true

A certain amount of vertical rise over the entire span, or pitch, is represented by a fraction.

true

A roof that rises _____ inches for every 1 foot or 12 inches of run is said to have a "4 in 12" slope.

4

The proper slope for guttering is ____ per 5 to 10 feet.

1/4-inch

Measuring the amount of gutter slope is _______________.

not required

Roofing gutters should slope down toward the downspout at the rate of _____ per foot, or 1/4-inch per 5 to 10 feet.

1/16-inch

T/F: The inspector should inspect all visible downspout terminations.

true

T/F: The inspector should report on any debris buildup in the gutters.

true

Which of the following is not a guttering material?

brass

T/F: Rusting steel gutters are a cosmetic issue and need not be reported.

false

Gutters should be installed by screwing or spiking them _________.

through the fascia and into the rafter tails

T/F: All homes are required to have gutters installed.

false

T/F: A _____ tie is a tension tie in the upper third of opposing gable rafters that is intended to resist rafter separation from the ridge beam.

collar

The distance that should separate the siding from the roof's surface is __________.

1 to 2 inches

Roof sheathing should be installed ___________ to the rafters.

perpendicular

Which of the following would not cause rafter spread?

too many layers of roof coverings

adequate knee walls

Drip edge flashing should be installed ____________.

over the roofing paper/felt along the rake edge

If a gap exists between the wall and soffit, it may indicate __________.

rafter sag or spread

A soffit that is attached directly to the underside of the rafter tails is called a(n) _______ soffit.

enclosed

_______________ is the deflection of the ridge beam.

Rafter spread

Saddleback or swayback

The horizontal board enclosing the ends of the rafter projections (or tails) is normally referred to as the _____ board.

fascia

___________ is a decorative molding applied to the fascia.

cornice

Wood shakes require a minimum of ________ of separation to allow for expansion and contraction.

3/8-inch to 5/8-inch

The enclosure at the eaves' edge of a traditional barrel-style roof is called a _________.

bird stop

Asbestos cement roof shingles were commonly installed between the _________.

1860s and 1930s

Asphalt shingles that are made up of several layers are called _________.

architectural

When installed according to the manufacturer's instructions, asphalt shingles can be installed on a roof with a slope as low as _______.

2:12

Wood shakes and shingles should be used only on roofs with a slope of at least _____.

5:12

Concrete and clay tile roofs with a slope of less than 4:12 require ______ layers of underlayment.

two

T/F: It is not necessary to note previous shingle repair if the repair was performed by a professional.

false

Asphalt shingles use either ________or _________ as a base.

cellulose....fiberglass

Fasteners made of ___________ are recommended for tile roofs.

copper or stainless steel

A wood shingle is _________-cut, whereas a shake is split by ________.

machine.... hand

Most jurisdictions allow no more than _____ layers of asphalt shingles.

two

T/F: Clay tiles are easily distinguishable from concrete tiles.

false

T/F: An underlayment is required under all asphalt shingles.

true

T/F: Wood shingles should be installed over tar paper or a similar underlayment, although this is not always required if installed over skip sheathing.

true

T/F: Slate tile roofs should never be walked on.

true

Small dimples or circular depressions on asphalt shingles are often caused by _________.

hailstones

The inspector should ____________ when reporting on an asbestos cement tile roof.

note the roof material

Which of the following indicates poor shake or shingle maintenance?

moss or mildew on the covering

T/F Most concrete and clay tiles are installed the same way.

true

____________ is not normally used for flashings.

timber

A flashing along the peak of the roof is called the ________ flashing.

ridge

A closed valley means that the valley flashing _________.

can not be seen

Metal valley flashing should be a minimum of _____ inches wide.

24

The bottom of a roof should have a ________ flashing where it meets a wall.

kickout

T/F: A common location for an apron flashing is at the front side or downslope side of a chimney.

true

The flashing around a plumbing vent pipe is called a

boot

_________ flashing is the type of flashing that goes between the roof covering and the sheathing around the roof's perimeter.

drip edge