Equine Midterms 2

Strangles (Distemper)

Streptococcus equi

Cs of strangles

Abscessation of lymphoid tissue of upper rt

Incubation period of strangles

3-14 days

Metastatic strangles/Bastard strangles characterization

Absessation in other lymph nodes (abdomen,thorax, rarely brain)

Flush ruptured abcesses w/?

3-5% povidone iodine

Antibiotic of choice for strangles

Procaine penicillin 22000iu/kg IM bid

Tetanus (Lockjaw) ca

Clostridium tetani

Incubation period of c.tetani

10-14 days

Vaccination of mares against c.tetani

Last week of pregnancy

Foal vaccination (normal) against c.tetani

5-8 weeks

High risk foals vaxx against c.tetani

After birth, every 2-3 wks until 3 months old then toxoi

Botulism ca

Clostridium botulinum toxins

Treatment of botulism

Polyvalent Antitoxin

Contagioua equine metritis ca

Taylorella equigenitalis

Transmission of contagious equine metritis

Direct breeding, ai & contact with contaminated items

Tyzzer’s disease ca

Clostridium (bacillus) piliforme

Tyzzer’s dss characterized by

Severe and peracute hepatitis affects foals 1-6 weeks old

Suppurative Bronchopneumonia ca

Rhodococcus equi

Most common cs of bronchopneumonia

Extensive abscess formation & suppurative lympgadenitis

Tx of bronchopenumonia

Erythromycin(25mg/kg po tid), azithromycin(10mg/kg po sid) & clarithromycin (7.5mg/kg po bid) w/ rifampin (5mg/kg po bid)

Doxycyline (10mg/kg po bid)

Lyme disease ca

Borrelia burgdorferi

Transmission of lyme dss

Ticks

Leptospirosis ca host adapted serovar of horse

Leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava

Responsible for most leptospira abortions

L.interrogans pomona

Salmonella sp and subspp in horse salmonella & nosocomial infection

Salmonella enterica sbspp enterica serotype typhimurium, newport, anatum & agona

Equine herpes virus

Causes rhinopneumonitis, abortion

Most important cause of abortion

EHV-1

EHV-3

Causes venerral dss and equibe coital exanthema (rare but self limiting)

Equine influenza subtype

H7n7

H3n8(severe clinical dss)

Equine infectious anemia ca

Rna lentivirus, retroviridae

Other term for eauine infectious anemia

Swamp fever, coggins diseases

West nile virus ca

Flavivirus

Equine virak arteritis

Arterivirus rna, togaviridae

Rabies ca

Lyssavirus(neurotropic), rhabdoviridae

Hendra virus/Equine morbllivirus ca

Paramyxovirinae

African horse sickness ca

Orbivirus, reoviridae