Chapter 10-11 ~ DIAS

INDIVIDUALS, GROUPS/ORGANIZATIONS, AND COMMUNITIES

types of clientele and audiences

GOVERNMENT

one of the primary settings of communication– communicators disseminate news about the government and its activities which are of significance to people

PRIVATE SECTOR

setting or organizational communication– helps organizations accomplish their management functions to achieve their goals and address challenges and functions include planning, organizing, reading, and controlling.

DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION

flow of communication from higher to lower levels of authority

UPWARD COMMUNICATION

lower to higher levels of authority

LATERAL/HORIZONTAL COMMUNICATION

involves people from different departments to coordinate and work together effectively

ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION

use of email is prevalent– allows to send messages to a single or multiple persons almost instantaneously

EMOTICONS

expressions of various psychological states using keyboard shortcuts

BRAINSTORMING

aims to generate as many ideas as possible from organization members before arriving at a particular decision

FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION (FGD’S)

obtain feedback regarding proposed programs and projects

TEAM BUILDING

another tools of organization to promote greater camaraderie and coordination among members

ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (OD)

used to bring about structural and behavioral change in the organization and its members

CIVIL SOCIETIES

includes NGOs and private foundations– makes use of interviews, surveys, as well as policy advocacies

INTERVIEWS

used to assess needs of individuals or groups served by civil society

SURVEYS

another tool used by civil society for identifying needs of society

POLICY ADVOCACY

involves lobbying which communicators interact with legislators to make recommendations regarding certain policies and programs

SCHOOLS

enable individuals to broaden their perspective in life– lectures, recitations, case studies, powerpoint presentations, and memoranda

LECTURES

mostly delivered by teachers to provide students with knowledge

RECITATIONS

done to determine if students understood the lectures

CASE STUDIES

used by teachers to better illustrate concepts or issues being discussed

POWERPOINT PRESENTATIONS

often used as lecture and report aids

MEMORANDA

meant to inform, disseminate information, or enforce disciplinary action

COMMUNITY

largest setting of communication– can be small, the barangay chair or another official can convene an assembly to discuss issues confronting the community

KATARUNGANG PAMBARANGAY

provides an avenue for community members to resolve conflicts before these are brought before the courts

MASS MEDIA

to keep ourselves informed, entertained, and to interact with others

RADIO

has always been popular especially in the remote areas of the country where electricity is still not available

TELEVISION

provides the public not only the latest news but also other programs that cater to different groups of people

SOUND RECORDINGS

we all play music and sound recordings for various purposes– we need music to relax and manage out stress

MOTION PICTURES

major form of recreation and entertainment– movies show us the universal emotions of love, hate, jealousy, fear, and happiness

INTERNET

has made life more exciting to those who have access to it. For example, we can book flights, make hotel reservations, and apply for a visa if we have access to the internet

WI-FI

refers to technology that connects computers and other digital devices to the internet wisely

NEW MEDIA

said to have emerged from dissatisfaction with traditional forms of media, including television, newspapers, and radio– two examples are blogs and social media sites

WEBLOGS OR BLOGS

serve as online diaries or journals created and updated to express ones thoughts, musing, and commentaries on issues or topic of interest

SOCIAL MEDIA

websites such as Facebook and Twitter are also used for disseminating information and making announcements about events, programs, or activities. There are also times when social media users and bloggers are partisan (Tubbs, 2013), or working for the interest of a specific group or person

TELECOMMUNICATION

long distance exchange of information through technological devices such as telephone, mobile phones, and computers

TELECOMMUTING OR ELECTRONIC COTTAGE

working arrangement where the workers accomplish their task away from the office using various telecommunication tools

SOCIETY

”matrix” or “womb” that gave birth to politics

SELF DEVELOPMENT

continuous process involving actions taken to improve ourselves and maximize our potential– basic institution that helps attain this is the family

PERSUASION

convincing others to agree with what we are saying– ability to command obedience or influence others to do what we want them to do

USE OF ARTS AND ENTERTAINMENT

applied social sciences integrates this into therapy services– engages in acting, dancing, photography, and creative writing and means to “escape” from the hardships of life

ACCESS TO AND DISCERNMENT OF NEWS AND INFORMATION

communication helps us access news and information

NEWS

reports of recent events in the country or other parts of the world

INFORMATION

knowledge, facts, or data about someone or something

ORGANIZING FOR ADVOCACIES AND MOBILIZATIONS

we encourage people to take action and support a particular cause

LOBBYING

another tool used by interest groups and NGOs to promote advocacies and have them enacted into law– involves direct negotiations with legislators and writing appeals to lawmakers and newspapers

EDUCATION

better appreciate and understand the interplay of society, politics, and government

PRINTED MEDIA

also important in educating people– provides people with information on certain topics and issues through books, journal, government reports, and annual reports

SOCIALIZATION

relating and interacting with other individuals and groups

FAMILY

primary unit of socialization