CELL ORGANELLES/MICROSCOPY

Nucleus

contains chromatins (long strands of DNA)

Nucleolus

is like a factory used to make ribosomes

Cell Membrane

contains a phospholipid bilayer and controls what goes in or out from the cell

Ribosome

used to turn nucleotides into proteins

Rough ER

is a primary cellular factory responsible for the synthesis, folding, and quality control of proteins. It earns its "rough" appearance from the ribosomes studded along its outer membrane, which assemble proteins destined for cell membranes, organelles, or secretion outside the cell.

Smooth ER

synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates

Golgi Apparatus

does further modifications of proteins then packages them to a vesicle before sending them off

Mitochondria

powerhouse of the cell

has its own DNA that solely came from the biological mother

Lysosome

contains digestive enzymes (from golgi)

destroys white blood cells

Apoptosis

happens when a cell self-destructs using its lysosome

Peroxisome

neutralizes chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide

Vacuole

stores nutrients

Centrosome

grabs DNA to start mitosis cycle

Microtubules

originates from the centrosome

connects organelles together

made of proteins

Intermediate Filaments

filaments closer to the microtubules

Microfilaments

outside of the cell providing more structure

Microvilli

foldings that increase the surface area of the cell

only in small intestine cells

Cilia

same with microvilli but has microtubules inside

microtubules are inside to make it move mucus and air

Flagellum

only in the sperm cell

one projection only