Untitled Flashcards Set

Ovaries

Pair of female organs (gonads) that produce egg cells (ova) and female hormones.

Estrogen

A female hormone that helps with female secondary sex characteristics.

Progesterone

A female hormone that sustains the placenta during pregnancy.

Fallopian Tubes

Ducts through which the ovum travels to the uterus; also called oviducts.

Uterus

A pear-shaped muscular female organ where the embryo and fetus develop.

Endometrium

The inner layer of the uterus with specialized epithelial mucous.

Myometrium

The muscle layer of the uterus.

Perimetrium

The outer layer of the uterus.

Cervix

The lowermost neck-like area of the uterus that leads to the vagina.

Vagina

A muscular canal that extends from the uterus to the external part of the body.

Clitoris

Sensitive tissue located on the front of the vaginal orifice.

Vulva

The external female genitalia.

Menarche

The occurrence of the first menstrual cycle.

Menopause

The absence of the menstrual cycle, occurring around ages 45 to 60.

Fertilization

The union of the nuclei of the ovum and sperm cells.

Gametes

The reproductive cells (ovum and sperm) that each contain half the number of chromosomes of a normal body cell.

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)

Treatment for symptoms of menopause and to help prevent osteoporosis.

APGAR

A scoring chart to assess newborn health based on appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration.

IUD

Intrauterine device; a form of birth control that prevents implantation of the fertilized egg.

Endometriosis

Condition where endometrial tissue is located outside the uterus, potentially causing infertility.

Cervicitis

Inflammation of the cervix, often caused by bacterial infections or STDs.

Placenta

A vascular organ attached to the uterine wall that allows for the exchange of hormones, oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste.

Lactation

The secretion of milk from the mammary glands.

Hydrocephalus

Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain.

Ectopic Pregnancy

Implantation of the fertilized egg outside the uterus, often in the fallopian tube.

Semen Analysis

A microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid to assess the number, shape, and motility of sperm.

Cryptorchidism

Condition where one or both testicles have not descended into the scrotum.

Testicular Cancer

Carcinoma of the testes, often occurring in younger men.

Testosterone

The male hormone produced in the testes that regulates the development of male reproductive tissues.

Varicocele

Enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle that can cause pain.

Chlamydia

A bacterial infection of the urethra and reproductive tract.

Gonorrhea

An STD caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, resulting in inflammation of the genital tract.

Phimosis

Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis.

Oligospermia

A condition characterized by a scant amount of sperm.

Azoospermia

The absence of sperm in the semen.

Circumcision

Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis.

Spermatogenesis

The process of maturing and developing sperm in the scrotum.

Parturition

The process of giving birth.

Lactiferous Ducts

Tubes that carry milk from the mammary glands to the nipple.

Endometrial Cancer

Malignant tumor of the uterine lining.

Fibroids

Benign tumors in the uterus.

Neonatology

The study of care and treatment of newborns.

Gynecology

The study of the female reproductive system.

Obstetrics

Specialty concerned with pregnancy and delivery of the baby.