Immigration & Industrialization Study Guide

A set of flashcards covering key concepts related to Immigration, Industrialization, and the Progressive Movement.

What was the Progressive Movement trying to fix?

It aimed to address problems caused by industrialization, immigration, and urbanization by making government and businesses more fair, safe, and honest.

What were two problems caused by rapid growth of cities?

Overcrowding and poor sanitation in tenement housing, along with issues of public health.

What were conditions like in tenement housing?

Crowded, unsafe apartments with poor sanitation and little fresh air.

Why did factories need so many workers during industrialization?

Factories expanded due to new inventions, population growth, and millions of immigrants seeking work, increasing the number of available workers.

What happened during the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?

A deadly fire trapped many young immigrant women due to locked doors, shocking the public and leading to stronger safety laws.

What were two working conditions faced by factory workers?

Low pay and unsafe machines, along with pollution and poor ventilation.

Why did many children have to work in factories or mines?

Families needed money, and factories hired children for lower wages.

What was the goal of labor unions?

To fight for better pay, safer working conditions, and shorter working hours.

What are muckrakers?

Journalists who exposed social injustices, such as child labor, unfair business practices, and unhealthy food.

What problem did Upton Sinclair expose in The Jungle?

Unsanitary conditions in meatpacking plants.

What did the Pure Food and Drug Act require?

Honest labeling of food and medicines and a ban on harmful ingredients.

What did the Federal Meat Inspection Act require?

Cleanliness standards and government inspections in meatpacking plants.

Why did people support the Temperance Movement?

Because alcohol was blamed for causing family and social problems.

What was Prohibition?

A ban on making, selling, or transporting alcohol.

What did the 18th Amendment do?

It enacted Prohibition.

What did the 21st Amendment do?

It repealed Prohibition.

What is suffrage?

The right to vote.

What did the 19th Amendment accomplish?

It granted women the right to vote in the US.

How did new inventions change everyday life for Americans?

They improved life by providing electricity, better communication, and faster transportation.

Why did business owners gain so much wealth during industrialization?

They established monopolies, reducing competition and increasing their profits.

What role did urbanization play in industrialization?

Urbanization led to greater labor availability for factories and increased demand for goods.