constantino 1-4, timmy

timmy

What is an in-depth study of a specific person?

Case study.

What is the problem with such a study?

No generalizations of the group.

What is it called when we believe that there is a correlation when there really is none?

Type 2 error

Which gland regulates metabolism?

Thyroid gland

According to Young and Helmholtz, which three colors make up

every

color through various combinations?

Red, Green, and Blue.

Which theory says that different pitches are detected along specific parts of the basilar membrane?

Location Theory

What are the cells that take care of the neurons?

Glial Cells

What is the quality of a tone?

Timbre

What type of deafness can be cured with cochlear implants?

Sensorineural Nerve

Which experimental method keeps the identity of those receiving actual drugs and placebos secret from both the subject and the person administering the drug?

Double-Blind procedure

What is the dependent variable?

The dependent variable is the variable that is measured or changes because of the independent variable.

What is the main difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist?

psychiatrist are licensed doctors and can prescribe medicine.

What is the situation where a discovery seems like common sense when looking back?

Hindsight Bias

What is the problem with anecdotal evidence in scientific research?

It tends to overwhelm or bias the findings of the majority of data.

What are the things that must be kept in mind when doing research?

limits of intuition, specificity, look for what you question, think critically, and anecdotal evidence.

What is the purpose of the control group?

to compare to test subjects

Which gland regulates calcium levels?

parathyroid

What is the independent variable?

is the variable that is changed by experimenter

What are the basic touches?

Pressure, pain, cold, and warmth

What is the average response or finding?

mean

What is a balance between positive ions outside of and negative ions within an axon?

Resting Potential

What is the point whereby excitatory signals overwhelm the inhibitory signals?

Threshold

What occurs at this point?

Action potential. excitatory takes over inhibitory signal

What form of processing begins with the details, then forms a mental picture?

Bottom-Up Processing

What is the belief that the nervous system can handle certain amounts of input before it "closes" itself to more?

Gate Threshold theory

How rapidly do the ions within and around the axon cycle?

200 times per second.

What is the distance between two neurons?

Synaptic gap/ Synaptic cleft

What is the re-absorption of unused neurotransmitters by a terminal branch?

Re-uptake by the uptake transporter

What is the body's natural defense against unwanted and excess chemicals gaining access to the brain?

The blood-brain barrier

What type of chemical-neuron interaction mimics a neurotransmitter?

agonistic receptor

What type of chemical-neuron interaction blocks normal neurotransmitter interaction?

antagonistic receptor

What part of the brain

really controls the glandular system?

Hypothalamus

What is the range from the average within which the typical response (usually about 70% of responses) will fall?

Standard Deviation

What is a person's inability to focus on more than one conversation at a time?

Cocktail Party Effect

What is the importance of the reticular formation?

Responsible for arousal and adrenal

What are the two aspects of psychology?

External actions and mental Processes

What discipline seeks to measure personality traits?

Psychometrics

What is the specialization of tasks to a specific hemisphere of the brain?

Lateralization

What is the body's ability to change sensory input into neural impulses?

Transduction

How frequently would a person have to perceive a stimulus for it to meet the absolute threshold?

Half of the time

Which law says that to detect a difference in similar stimuli there has to be a standard proportional change, as opposed to an absolute change?

Weber's Law

What is it called when a person barely senses a stimulus that doesn't fully register (the person isn't fully aware)?

Subliminal Stimulation

What is it called when such a stimuli can affect future acquisitions and questions?

Priming

What is the brain's ability to process more than one thing at a time?

Parallel Processing

What is the eye's ability to focus?

Acuity

What important ability is granted by the brain's processing the overlap of binocular vision?

Depth Perception

What is it called when a very different stimulus does gain one's attention?

Pop-out

Which belief states that scientific understanding requires collecting data through observation and experimentation?

scientific method?

What is the difficulty of introspection?

Few people have the expertise in both making and analyzing introspective findings.

Which theory says that different pitches are detected by differences in the rate of signals from the vibrations?

Frequency Theory

What is a measure of volume?

Decibels

What type of deafness is caused by damage to the bones within the middle ear?

Conduction

How does taste help keep people alive?

Foods high in carbs that supply energy taste good, and food that is toxic or low carbs taste bad.

How many receptor proteins are there for smell?

350 receptor proteins

What is the loss of smell?

Anosmia

What is the brain's ability to partially repair itself by moving functions to other areas?

Plasticity

What is a person's sense of balance?

Vestibular sense and kinesthesis

How many bits of information can the brain focus on at a given time?

40/11,000,000

What is the eyes' ability to overwhelm the other senses?

Visual Capture

How does the brain tend to group objects?

connectedness

Which type of study has the researcher watch a person in his/her natural environment?

Naturalistic observation

What is the strength of such a method?

subjects are unaware which can take away bias and subjects lying about result.

What is the weakness?

Can't control the environment of the experiment.

Which theory says that each cone has a matched pair of colors?

Opponent-Process Theory

What value denotes a perfect positive correlation?

1

What value denotes no correlation?

0

Optical Illusions

overlap can cause illusions when it is a pattern

Hypothalamus

A neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward.

pituitary gland

The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands.

Sex glands

Don't activate during puberty, give sex characteristics.

thyroid gland

produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and growth

parathyroid glands

small pea-like organs that regulate calcium and phosphate balance in blood, bones, and other tissues

adrenal glands

a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help arouse the body in times of stress.

Pancreas

Regulates the level of sugar in the blood