Upper Quarter Postural Alignmnent

normal scapular alignment

b/w T2-T7, flat on thorax, medial border parallel and roughly 3 inches from spine, rotated 30 degrees in frontal plane

downwardly rotated scapula

sup angle farther from spine than inf angle

downwardly rotated scapula impairments

short: lev scap/rhomboids, long: upper trap/serratus ant

depressed scapula

sup angle lower than T2, AC joint lower than SC joint

depressed scapula impairments

short: pec major/lats, long: upper trap, lev scap

elevated scapula

sup angle higher than T2/AC joint

elevated scapula impairments

short: lev scap, upper traps, rhomboids

abducted scapula

medial border more than 3 inches from spine, upwardly rotated more than 30 degrees

abducted scapula impairements

short: serratus ant/pec major, long: rhomboid, traps

adducted scapula

medial border less than 3 inches from spine

adducted scapula impairments

short: rhomboids/traps, long: serratus ant

scapular winging

medial border protrudes through thorax

scapular winging impairments

flat thorax and weak serratus ant

scapular tilting/tipping

inf angle protrudes through thorax

scapular tilting/tipping impairments

short: pec minor, biceps short, coracobrachialis

normal humeral alignment

1/3 of the head of humerus in front of acromion, olecranon faces posterior, proximal/distal ends in same vertical plane

anterior humerus

more than 1/3 of humeral head in front of acromion

anterior humerus impairments

lax anterior joint capsule, tight posterior joint capsule, long subscapularis

superior humerus

humerus up against acromion

superior humerus impairments

hort deltoid, ineffective rotator cuff

medially rotated humerus

cubital fossa faces medially and olecranon faces laterally

medially rotated humerus impairments

short medial rotators

laterally rotated humerus

uncommon

laterally rotated humerus impairments

short lateral rotators

abducted humerus impairments

short deltoid and supraspinatus

normal elbow alignment

cubital valgus: male=5, female=10-15

cubital valgus impairments

medial joint strictures stretched

cubital varus impairments

lateral joint structures stretched