Lesson 4: Types of Media

Johannes Gutenberg

He invented the printing press in 1446.

Paper; Ink; A raised or recessed surface pattern which when linked transfers the image to the paper

The invention of the printing press involves the convergence of several technologies, namely:

Publishing

The selection, preparation, and marketing of printed matter.

Various innovations in printing; Rise in literacy; Spread of education; Growth of economies

Factors that gave birth to the modern book

Print Media, Broadcast Media, New Media

3 Types of Media

Books, Magazines, Newspapers

3 Types of Print Media

Trade books and textbooks

Two (2) Broad Categories of Books

Trade books

Fiction and nonfiction books that are sold to the general public

Fiction books

Any work that is a product of the author’s imagination rather than an account of history or fact.

Educational books

It refers to references, academic textbooks, professional books, and specialty books.

Academic texts.

It refers to work written for students of a particular subject or discipline.

Professional books

It contains information about specialize occupations such as doctors, lawyers, accountants, and writers.

Ebooks, Audiobooks, Wattpad

New Forms of Books

Michael Stern Hart

He is credited for the development of the ebook.

Project Gutenberg

It is the first to provide ebooks freely via the internet.

Wattpad

It is an online platform that enables writers to create and publish their stories and share this to a potentially large global audience.

Newspaper

It is traditionally referred to as print media that contains reports of recent or ongoing events of human interest.

News Media

It is the link between the citizens and government.

Informing the citizenry about the workings of government; Help build public opinion and convey this to the government; Scrutinizing those who govern.

Functions of News Media

‘Watchdog’ function of the press

Scrutinizing those who govern.

Exceptional, Proximity, Impact, Prominence, Conflict, Human Interest

6 Elements of an event that makes it newsworthy

Internet websites can easily be hacked and manipulated; Newspapers can be read anywhere; Cheaper

Staying Power of Newspapers

Magazines

These are periodical publications carrying articles appealing to various interests.

Magasin

‘Magazine’ is traced to the French word, ?

makzin

‘Magasin’ is traced to the Arabic word, meaning storehouse.

Spread of Literacy and Education; Innovations that led to cost-effective production; Emergence of new writers; Growth of reading culture; Political freedom; Population Growth; Growth in Business and Economy; Rise in advertising revenue

8 Factors that Led to the Mass Circulation of Magazines

published less frequently; features more long-form writing; higher quality paper stock; specializes by subject matter

4 Distinctions of Magazines from Newspapers

Quality Magazines and Mass Circulation Magazines

2 Categories of Magazines according to the audience they seek to attract

General Interest Magazines; News Magazines; Picture Magazines/Illustrated News Magazines; Digest and Pocket Magazines; Specialized or Special Interest Magazines; Comics Magazines

6 Classifications of Magazines for Mass Circulation

Telegraph (1844)

It was invented by Samuel F.B. Morse

Telephone (1876)

The telegraph was then replaced with voice transmission when Alexander Graham Bell invented the…?

Cost-effective; Low demand on literacy skills; Portability; Background medium; Accessibility

5 Advantages of Radio

amplitude modulation

Meaning of AM

frequency modulation

Meaning of FM

Information and Entertainment

2 Categories of Radio Programs

Information programs

It comprises news broadcasts, talk programs including interviews and discussions, documentaries (historical re-enactment or achieve program), educational programs that seek to teach innovations in farming, health practices and the like, and public service programs.

Entertainment programs

It is also referred to as nonnews programs such as music, drama.

Community Radio

It is a medium “that gives voice to the voiceless,” that serves as the mouthpiece of the marginalized and is at the heart of communication and democratic processes within societies

Webcasting

The delivery of audio service directly to individual listeners over the internet.

Broadcasting

It is the electronic transmission of radio as well as television signals, that is sound and visual images.

Vladmir Zworykin and Philo T. Farnsworth; John Logie Baird of Scotland and Sir Isaac Shoenberg of Britain (1927)

4 inventors that claim to have developed a system for transforming a visual image into an electronic signal.

British broadcasting Corporation

BBC

Coverage of Franklin Roosevelt opening the World Fair in NY (1939)

Commercial television in the US began when?

New Media

It covers a set of applied communication technologies that are still evolving. They are interactive forms of communication that use the internet, including podcasts, blogs, social networks, text messaging, wikis, virtual worlds, all other computer-aided communication formats that are available online.

Interactivity; Uniquity and de-locatedness; Accessible to individual users as senders and/or receivers; media of both mass and personal communication; Hypertextuality; Multimediality

6 Characteristics of New Media