Buddhism

Birth of Gautam Buddha

563 BC
Lumbini, Nepal

Death of Gautam Budha

483 BC
Kushinagar, near R Hiranyawathi

Father, Mother and Stepmother of Gautam

Father- Suddhodan (Sankya clan)
Mother- Mahamaya (Koliyan clan)
Stepmother- Prajapati Gautami

1st teacher of Gautam Budha

Alar Kalama- taught Shankhya Darshan

2nd teacher of Gautam Budha

Rudraka Ramaputra- taught Yoga Darshan

Enlightenment of Budha

Uruvella, Bodh Gaya- under a Bodhi Tree, R Niranjana

4 Arya Satya (nobel truths) given by Budha

1. Dukh- world is full of suffering

2. Dukh Samudya- Desire cause of Suffering

3. Dukh Nirogya- End of Suffering

4. Dukh Nirogya Gamini Pratipada- Path to end suffering

Path to end suffering

Ashtagika Mard- 8- fold path

Tri Ratnas by Budha

Budha-Dhamma-Stupa

What constitutes a Stupa?

1. Chatra- umbrella

2. Harnika- square railing on top of stupa

3. Anda- dome like structure

4. Medhi- passage

5. Vedika- railings- boundary walls

6. Torana- Gateway made of stone

7. Sopana- double pathway

Symbols of Budha

1. Conceive- Elephant

2. Birth- Lotus

3. Adolescence- Bull

4. Great Departure- leaving house- Horse

5. Enlightenment- Bodhi Tree

6. Death- Stupa

7. Sermon- Wheel

!st Sermon given by Budha

Sarnath, UP

Max no of sermons given by Budha

Shravasti

Last Sermon given by Budha in

Shubhaachd, Kushinagar, UP

Sanchi Stupa

Madhya Pradesh- oldest stupa- built by Ashoka

Dhamekh Stupa

Sarnath, Up

Chaukhandi Stupa

Sarnath, UP

Baruch Stupa

Madhya Pradesh- cylindrical shape

Shanti Stupa

Ladakh

Kesariya Stupa

Bihar- largest

Ramabhar Stupa

Kushinagar, UP

Borobhudur Stupa

Indonesia

Buddhist texts in Sanskrit

1. Budhacharita by Asuaghosh

2. Jataka tales- about previous lives of Budha

Tri-pitakas

Language- Pali

1. Sutta Pitaka- teachings

2. Vinaya Pitaka- monastic rules and codes

3. Abhidharma Pitaka- Interpretation of Sutta Pitaka

First two disciples of Gautam Budha

Tapasso and Mallic

First female follower of Gautam Budha

Prajapati Gautami

Famous followers of Budha

Anand and Upali

Sects of Buddhism

1. Hinyan- Nimnmarg- Budha as a great man- restrictions on eating meat- Pali Language

2. Mahayan- Utkirisht Marg- Budha as a god- no restrictions- Sanskrit language

3. Vajrayan- tantric buddhist

1st Buddhist Council

483 BC- Rajgriha
Ruler- Ajatshatru
Chairman- Mahakashyap
Result- Sutta Pitaka and Vinay Pitaka adopted

2nd Buddhist Council

383 BC- Vaishali
Ruler- Kalashoka
Chairman- Sabakamir
Result- 2 sects- Sthavir- bound by teachings and Mahasanghik- not bound by teachings only

3rd Buddhist Council

250 BC- Patliputra
Ruler- Ashoka
Chairman- Mogaliputta Tissa
Result- Abhidhamma Pitaka adopted

4th Buddhist Council

1st CE (72AD)- Kundalwana, Kashmir
Ruler- Kanishka
Chairman- Vasumitra, Ashva Ghosh
Result- 2 sects- Hinyana and Mahayana

Nalanda University

Bihar by Kumar Gupta 1

Vikramshila University

Bihar by Dharampala

Odantpuri

by Gopala

Rumtek Monastery

Sikkim

Key Gompa Monastery

Himachal Pradesh

Hemis Gompa Monastery

Ladakh

Thiksey Monastery

Ladakh

Namdrolling Monastery

Bylakuppe, Karnataka- aka Golden Temple

Namgyal Monastery

Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh

Buddhist Philosophy

1. World is transient (anicca) and constantly changing

2. Soulless (anatta)

3. Nothing is permanent or eternal