1. Aim, Hypothesis & variables

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9 Terms

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Aim

A statement outlining the purpose of the investigation, describing the goals of the experiment and how they relate to the research question.

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Research Hypothesis

A testable prediction of the relationship between two or more variables, indicating the expected outcome based on theory or model.

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Independent Variable (IV)

The variable that is manipulated in an experiment, viewed as the cause.

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Dependent Variable (DV)

The variable that is measured in an experiment, viewed as the effect.

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Controlled Experiment

An experimental investigation that tests the relationship between the IV and DV while controlling all other variables.

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Extraneous Variables

Variables outside the IV and DV that can affect the results or validity of the study.

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Theory

A general explanation of a set of observations or concepts about behavior and/or mental processes.

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Model

A representation that focuses on how behaviors or processes could, should, or do occur, often used for complex ideas.

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Controlled Variable (CV)

Variables that are kept constant to ensure that the results of the experiment are due to the manipulation of the independent variable.