dental embryology, histology, and anatomy ch 1-2 quiz

oral cavity divisions

• the oral cavity is divided into the

  • vestibules

  • jaws with alveolar processes

  • teeth

  • and oral cavity proper

oral vestibules

• upper and lower horseshoe-shaped spaces in the oral cavity between the lips and cheeks anteriorly and laterally

• maxillary and mandibular vestibule

• lined by oral mucosa (labial and buccal)

labial frenum

• a fold of tissue located at the midline between the labial mucosa and the alveolar mucosa on the upper and lower dental arches

• important to locate labial frenum because it is a primary injection site for local anesthesia

mucobuccal folds

• the fold formed by the oral mucosa where it passes from the mandible or maxilla to the cheek

• many of the local anesthesia injections for patient pain control and hemostasis are administered at the height or depth of the mucobuccal fold

parotid ducts

• protected by the parotid papilla

• also known as the stensen duct

fordyce granules

• on the surface of the labial and buccal mucosa is a common variation, fordyce granules

• these are visible as small yellowish elevations in the oral mucosa

• they represent deeper deposits of waxy sebum from trapped or misplaced sebaceous gland tissue

linea alba

• LINEa alba - looks like a line

• this is a white ridge of calloused tissue (hyperkeratinization) that extends horizontally at the level where the maxillary and mandibular teeth come together to occlude

• can occur on the buccal mucosa or the lateral surface of tongue

periodontal ligament (PDL)

• all of the teeth are attached to the bony surface of the alveoli by the fibrous __ __

• allows some slight tooth movement within the alveolus while still supporting tooth

• attaches to cementum of root and the alveoli of bone, holding the tooth in the socket

exostoses

• facial surface of the alveolar process of maxillary arch may contain ___

• they are extra localized developmental growths of bone covered in oral mucosa with a possible hereditary etiology and which may be associated with occlusal trauma

mandibular torus

• developmental growth of bone present on the lingual surface of the mandibular arch with a possible hereditary etiology similar to exotoses

• may be associated with grinding, also known as bruxism

gingival tissue

• labial frenum

• alveolar mucosa

• mucogingival junction

• attached gingiva

• maxillary tuberosity

• retromolar pad

attached gingiva

• attached to something

• gingival tissue that tightly adheres to the alveolar process surrounding the roots of the teeth

mucogingival junction

• the line of demarcation between the firmer and pinker attached gingiva and the moveable and redder alveolar mucosa that lines the vestibules is the scalloped-shaped ___

marginal gingiva

• at the gingival margin of each tooth is the __ or free gingiva

• forms a cuff above the neck of the tooth

• gingiva that creates a MARGIN around the tooth

free gingival groove

• separates the marginal gingiva from the attached gingiva

free gingival crest

• at the most coronal part of the marginal gingiva

• crest is at the TOP

sulcular epithelium

• epithelium that line pockets

• sulcus = hole or pocket

junctional epithelium

• where free tissue is attached to tooth

gingival sulcus

• the circular inner surface of gingival tissue of each tooth faces an equally rounded space

• the __ ___

interdental gingiva

• is the gingival tissue between adjacent teeth adjoining the attached gingiva

• (papilla)

• inter = between

fauces

• are formed laterally on each side by the anterior faucial pillar and the posterior faucial pillar

• palatine tonsils are located between these folds of tissue created by underlying muscle

• important to know locations

palate

• located within oral cavity proper

• separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity

• hard palate shows an absence of mucogingival junction on the palatal aspect because there is not an attachment of tissue, only bone

the pterygomandibular fold

• extends from the junction of hard and soft palates down to the mandible

• posterior to the most distal mandibular tooth and stretches when the mouth is open wider

• important to know location for injections

filiform lingual papillae

• the slender threadlike whitish lingual papillae

• give the dorsal (top) surface of the tongue its velvety texture

• has no taste buds, but makes up a majority of the tongue

fungiform lingual papillae

• The reddish, small, mushroom-shaped dots on the dorsal (top) surface of the tongue

• crucial for taste perception

• tasting is FUN

sulcus terminalis

• v-shaped groove

• separates the base from the body of the tongue

• located posterior to body of tongue

• terminal = end

dorsal surface of the tongue

top of the tongue

ventral surface of the tongue

• bottom of the tongue

• has large visible blood vessels and deep lingual veins

submandibular duct

• also known as wharton duct

sublingual duct

• also known as bartholin duct

Sialolithiasis or ranula

• blocked salivary duct

• is a condition where mineral deposits (sialoliths) form in the salivary glands or their ducts

Ankyloglossia

• commonly known as being “tongue tied”

• tight lingual frenum attachment

pharyngeal divisions

• nasopharynx (nose)

• oropharynx (oral)

• laryngopharynx (larynx - voicebox)

buccal fat pad

• covered in buccal mucosa

• dense pad of underlying fat tissue

• acts as a protective cushion during mastication

maxillary tuberosity

• rounded bony process located in the posterior section of the alveolar maxilla ridge

retromolar patch

• retro = behind

• mass of soft tissue located in the posterior portion of the mandibular alveolar ridge

alveolus

• LUS = less bone

• bony socket in the upper and lower jaws that teeth sit in

foliate papillae

• located on the lateral surface of the tongue

• vertical ridges

the lips of the face mark the __ boundary of the oral cavity

• lips

the __ is the posterior boundary of the oral cavity

• throat

the __ of the face mark the lateral boundaries

• cheeks / buccal

the __ of the oral cavity marks the superior boundary

• palate

the __ of the mouth is the inferior border of the oral cavity

• floor

condyle of mandible

• con people are always behind

• posterior structure on mandible

coronoid process

• crown on top

• anterior structure of mandible

mandibular notch

• located in between coronoid process and condyle