Exam 4 - Lungs pt. 1

type I pneumocytes function

type II

pulmonary alveolar macrophages

gas exchange

surfactant

rid of debris

what is a common sign of tissue hypoxia that is observed on the hands

nail clubbing

obstructive lung diseases results from an obstruction in the airways causing airflow resistance which can produce ____ on exhalation

wheezing

describe the levels of forced expiratory rate and the FVC (total volume) for obstructive lung conditions

reduced expiratory rate

normal FVC

anatomic narrowing can lead to which obstructive lung diseases

chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma

loss of elastic recoil can lead to which obstructive lung disease

emphysema

which obstructive lung disease results in a pink puffer appearance

emphysema

emphysema is a ___-inflammatory state of the ___ respiratory zone which leads to elevated ___ activity results in destruction of connective tissue within the respiratory area

pro, lower, protease

what part of the alveoli is destroyed in emphysema

alveolar septa

what are some major s/s of emphysema

dyspnea, wheezing, DRY cough

there are 2 types of emphysema, what is the most common type

centriacinar

what is destroyed in centriacinar emphysema? what is the major cause of this condition?

central acinus

smoking

the less common form of emphysema is called

panacinar

what is destroyed in panacinar emphysema

entire acinus

what is the leading cause of panacinar emphysema

genetic antitrypsin deficiency

which type of obstructive lung disease presents as a Blue Bloater

chronic bronchitis

what kind of cough is seen in chronic bronchitis patients

productive - mucus/sputum

what are the diagnostic criteria of chronic bronchitis

persistent productive cough for 3 or more months in 2 or more years

COPD is the result of what two conditions

emphysema + chronic bronchitis

is emphysema or chronic bronchitis seen later in life when compared to each other

emphysema

what is a shared risk factor of both chronic bronchitis and emphysema

smoking, air pollution

is COPD a reversible obstructive lung disease

no

is asthma a reversible obstructive lung disease

yes

what causes the obstruction in asthma

bronchoconstriction

what are the diagnostic factors of asthma

curschmann spirals

charcot-leyden crystals

the atopic form of asthma is caused by ____

allergies

is atopic or non-atopic asthma more common

atopic

the permanent dilation of bronchi from the destruction of connective tissue/musculature represents which obstructive lung disease

bronchiectasis

describe the cough seen in bronchiectasis

severe productive cough

hemoptysis (blood)

purulent foul-smelling sputum

Kartagener Syndrome results from defective what

cilia