4.5 Age of Jackson

Corrupt Bargain Election 1824

regarding the election of 1824. Henry Clay threw his support behind Adams after being eliminated from the race and in turn Clay was appointed Secretary of State under Adams.

How did the Election of 1824 rearrange the political parties?

created the 2nd Party System

Democratic-Republicans split into Whigs and Democrats, led by Henry Clay and Andrew Jackson, respectively.

What prompted South Carolina to threaten secession? Called the Nullification Crisis

Tariff of Abominations (1828) South Carolina claimed it was unconstitutional and but Jackson threatened to send troops down

Nullification

Force Bill

Olive Branch and a Sword

Tariff of Abominations

also called Tariff of 1828, it raised the tariff on imported manufactured goods. The tariff protected the North but harmed the South.

South Carolina Exposition

written by John C. Calhoun boldly denouncing the recent tariff and calling for nullification of the tariff by all the states.

How were Native Americans treated by the federal and state governments during the Jacksonian Era?

They were removed to the new “Indian Territory” through the violation of past treaties and Supreme Court ruling

Indian Removal Act

Worcester v Georgia

Trail of Tears

How was society becoming more democratic during this time period?

\
***Universal White Man Suffrage*** : states were dropping the property requirements allowing more white men to vote 

**Party Nominating Conventions:**

* In the past, candidates had been nominated by state legislatures or by **King Caucus**: a closed-door meeting of political leaders would choose the party candidate 
* In the 1830’s King Caucus was replaced by **party nominations** conventions which allowed more public participation. Members of the political party would nominate candidates 

**Popular Election of the Electors:** Voters were now allowed to choose a state’s slate of presidential electors 

**Popular Campaigning** 

**Spoils system** was the act of dispensing government jobs in return for party loyalty 

Jackson’s Presidency and federal power

Peggy Eaton Affair

Indian Removal Act

Nullification Crisis

Bank Veto and Specie Circular

Peggy Eaton Affair

The wife of Jackson’s sec of war was the target of malicious gossip by other cabinet wives much like Jackson’s deceased wife Rachel 

Jackson tried to force the cabinet wives to accept Peggy Eaton socially, most of the cabinet resigned including a year later his **VP John C Calhoun. Martin Van Buren** would replace him as VP. 

Bank Veto

The charter for the 2nd BUS was coming up for renewal and Henry Clay (Jackson’s Chief political opponent) wanted to make it an election issue in 1832

Jackson saw the BUS as only serving the interests of the wealthy and was suspicious of the bank’s president, Nicholas Biddle.

After Jackson won reelection in 1832, he moved to destroy the BUS. Jackson withdrew all federal funds from the BUS and put them in state banks called “pet banks” by his critics. This would foster the beginnings of a economic crisis. 

Specie Circular

all land be purchased with silver and gold rather than bank notes. Soon after, bank notes lost their value and land sales plummeted causing a financial crisis right after Jackson left office: **Panic of 1836**