Japan

How many swords can a samurai have?

2

What was the short blade used for

for committing seppuku

What is Seppuku?

Seppuku was a ritualistic suicide that samurai would commit if captured

What type of society was Tokugawa Japan

Feudal

What role did the Emperor serve?

Public figure- no political power

What religions were in Japan?

Confucianism and Buddhism, Shintoism

What three roles were in the Warrior class?

Shogun, Daimyos, Samurai

What was a samurai without a master?

Ronin

Who made up 90% of Japan's population

peseants

Who were the lowest class in Japan?

merchants

Who was Nobuanga?

Killed by his own men- seized power/land in central Japan- early 1500s

Who were the Three Unifiers of Japan?

Nobunaga, Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu

Who was Hideyoshi?

Unified southern Japan- then died

Who was Tokugawa Ieyasu?

Unified all of Japan- then died

What was the Hostage system?

You must maintain 2 homes, 1 in Edo and 1 in home territory, families could never be in the same home. This was put in place by the Shogun

Who came to Japan that caused the borders to close?

Portuguese, Spanish(Catholic Countries), Jesuits and Dutch Traders

Which country was aloud to stay in Japan after the close country order?

The Dutch

Who was Mathew Perry?

He was a navy officer that traveled to Japan to give the letter of President Fillmore to the emperor of Japan.

What were the three requests of President Fillmore and Matthew Perry?

The people who were shipwrecked would receive better treatment, Trade/ use of coaling station, aand to be peaceful with one and other

What caused the start of the Meiji Era in Japan?

the Tokugawa Shogunate started to weaken, government corruption an peasant revolts.

What did diamyos loose when the modernization of Japan began?

They lost power and their land

Who were Etas?

They were the poorest of the poor. Similar to the untouchables in India

What did etas gets in the modernization of Japan?

Legal Equality

The lost the privilege to wear swords and the class was abolished.

The lost the privilege to wear swords and the class was abolished.

What happened to the land the daimyos gave up?

It belonged to the government and became prefectures(states)

What were the Iwakura Missions?

There were 48 officials and 60 students sent under Hirobumi to study western government, tech, education and military.

What happened to the Japanese government in 1868?

New leaders signed a charter oath to create a new government.

What factions/political parties formed during the Charter Oath?

Liberals, Progressives, Imperial Party

What did liberals believe in?

Western democracy, with parliament

What did progressives believe in?

Shared power between legislative and executive branches

What did the imperial party believe in?

Supreme authority to the emperor

Who had the real power in the Meiji government?

Even though there was an emperor the real power was in the prime minister and cabinet

What was the diet?

The upper house that appointed and a lower house that was elected.

Though they called in a democracy what was the real type of government in Meiji Japan?

Oligarchy

What was Kogyo- "Encourage Industry"?

Base industry off of the west

What was the push in education about?

They wanted training in the sciences area for the government, subsidies, advisory's and students.

What was Fukoku Kyohei- "Enrich the nation, strengthen the army"?

It was a a 3 year compulsory military service for all men and new modern weapons, warships, and style of fighting.

What was Bunmei Kaika- "Civilization and Enlightenment"?

A universal education system was put in place(Elementary schools, secondary schools, universities{public}) based off western content but Confucian morals. Student exchanges, and fashion ,food, baseball, dancing ect from the west