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Semi-conservative replication
A process in DNA replication where each new DNA molecule contains one strand from the original DNA molecule and one newly synthesized strand.
Mutation
A change in the sequence of nucleotides in DNA, which can lead to alterations in the amino acid sequence of proteins.
DNA polymerase
An enzyme responsible for forming phosphodiester bonds between adjacent DNA nucleotides during DNA replication.
DNA helicase
An enzyme that unzips the DNA double helix by breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.
Meselson and Stahl experiment
An experiment that demonstrated DNA replication occurs via semi-conservative replication by using isotopes of nitrogen to track the replication process.
Gyrase
An enzyme that unwinds the DNA helix during DNA replication.
Okazaki fragments
Short, newly synthesized DNA fragments formed on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
DNA ligase
An enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments by forming phosphodiester bonds to complete the new DNA strand.
Note
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