Lecture Notes Review: Erikson Stages, Documentation Methods, Ethical Principles, Health Assessment Techniques, and Communication

Flashcards covering Erikson’s psychosocial stages, documentation methods (SOAP, PIE, CBE), key ethical principles, health assessment techniques, and elements of therapeutic communication.

Erikson stage: Trust vs Mistrust (0–18 months) – what is the core question?

Can I trust the world? Age 0–18 months.

Erikson stage: Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt (18 months–3 years) – core idea?

I can do things myself or must rely on others.

Erikson stage: Initiative vs Guilt (3–5 years) – core idea?

Is it okay for me to do things and make decisions; I can try new things.

Erikson stage: Industry vs Inferiority (5–12 years) – focus?

Can I move forward in the world of people and things; develop competence.

Erikson stage: Identity vs Role Confusion (12–18 years) – question?

Who am I? What can I be?

Erikson stage: Intimacy vs Isolation (18–40 years) – focus?

Can I love and form intimate relationships?

Erikson stage: Generativity vs Stagnation (40–65 years) – question?

Can I make my life count?

Erikson stage: Ego Integrity vs Despair (65+ years) – question?

Is my life meaningful? Have I lived well?

SOAP in nursing documentation – what does SOAP stand for?

Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan.

PIE in nursing documentation – what is PIE?

Problem, Intervention, Evaluation (a problem-oriented method).

Charting by Exception (CBE) – what is it?

A documentation method where only deviations from normal baseline are recorded; routine findings are not documented.

Autonomy (ethical principle) – what does it mean?

Respecting a patient’s right to make their own decisions.

Beneficence – ethical principle meaning?

Do good; promote the wellbeing of others.

Nonmaleficence – ethical principle meaning?

Do no harm.

Justice – ethical principle meaning?

Treat people fairly; ensure equality in care.

Fidelity – ethical principle meaning?

Loyalty and keeping promises; faithfulness.

Veracity – ethical principle meaning?

Truth-telling and honesty.

Inspection (health assessment) – what is it?

Visual examination of the body.

Palpation – what is it?

Using hands to feel body structures.

Percussion – what is it?

Tapping body parts to produce sound waves.

Auscultation – what is it?

Listening to body sounds with a stethoscope.

Formal communication – what is it?

Structured, professional communication.

Informal communication – what is it?

Casual interactions.

Therapeutic communication – what is it?

The purposeful use of verbal and nonverbal communication to promote a patient’s well-being.

Active listening – what is it?

Fully concentrating, understanding, responding, and remembering what the patient says.

Open-ended questions – what are they?

Questions that encourage detailed, expansive responses.

Clarification – what is it?

Asking to clarify unclear statements to ensure understanding.

Empathy – what is it?

Understanding and sharing the feelings of the patient.

Validation – what is it?

Acknowledging and supporting the patient’s feelings and experiences.

Offering Self – what is it?

Letting the patient know you are available; offering your presence.

Assertiveness – what is it?

Communicating needs and boundaries in a respectful, direct way.