2nd evau. Unit 5

Change

the process of transformation from one state to another. It involves understanding its causes and consequences, which can be natural or human-made, intentional or unintentional, and positive, negative, or neutral.

Culture

Culture is the shared beliefs, behaviors, customs, and knowledge of a society passed down through generations. It shapes how people think and act and can evolve over time.

Meaning

Meaning is how people interpret and understand events, experiences, and ideas. In the arts, it relates to how artists express messages and how audiences interpret them based on context and perspective.

The first Avant- Garde Movement

The early 20th century was shaped by WW1 bringing political, economical and social changes. This led to rethinking Western Culture like

1) New fashion

2) Women assuming new roles

3) disintegration of major empires

4) disdain for human life

5) First succesful implementation of Marrist ideas

In the art world there was great change like breaking art norms, priortizing innovation and cultural identity

Expression internal thoughts and feelings, also implementing photography

The first avant movments types of art

Cubism

Futurism

Dadaism

Abstract Art

Surrealism

Cubism

• Early 1900s art movement.

• Broke objects into geometric shapes.

• Showed multiple viewpoints at once.

• Rejected traditional realistic perspective.

• Used abstraction to represent modern life.

Key Artists:

• Pablo Picasso – Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907).

• Georges Braque – Co-founder of Cubism.

• Juan Gris – Everyday objects, structured style.

• Lyubov Popova – Developed Cubism in Russia.

Futurism

Originated in early 20th-century Italy, emphasizing a break from the past and celebrating modernity.

Focused on speed, movement, technology, and dynamism.

Key artists: Umberto Boccioni and Giacomo Balla.

Dadaism

Began in 1916 in Zurich as a reaction to World War I and traditional art.

Created by tristan tzara

Embraced absurdity, provocation, and anti-art principles.

Key artist: Marcel Duchamp.

Abstract Art

• Emerged around 1910, rejecting realistic representation.

• Expressed emotions through color, line, and abstract forms.

• Key artists: Wassily Kandinsky ( creator )and Yayoi Kusama.

Surrealism

• Developed in the 1920s from Dada influences.

• Explored dreams, the unconscious mind, and symbolic imagery.

• Key artist shown: Joan Miró.

The Second Avant- Garde movement

Post WW2 there was a shift in artistic epicenter from europe to new york

It was rapidly adapted thanks to advanced communication technologies

Its not just about misunderstood artist seeking attention

New proposals for the market and public.

The Second Avant- Garde movement Which are them?

Abstract Expressionism

Pop art

Hyperralism

Conceptual trends

( 3 categories)

Abstract Expressionism

Emerged in the 1940s in New York City by Jackson Pollock.

Focused on spontaneous and subconscious creation.

Artists expressed personal emotions by abandoning traditional techniques.

Highlighted the act of painting and physical engagement with large canvases.

Notable artist: Jackson Pollock, known for his drip painting technique, revolutionizing composition and emphasizing inner expression.

Pop Art ( Neo- Representative trend)

emerging in the mid-20th century in Britain and the United States.

Draws heavily from popular culture, commercial advertising, and mass media, utilizing bold colors and imagery from consumer goods and comic strips.

Aims to blur the boundaries between 'high' art and popular culture, challenging traditional notions of what constitutes art.

artists include Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, and James Rosenquist, whose works often reflect themes of consumerism and cultural commentary.

Hyperrealism ( Neo-Representative trends)

focuses on achieving an extremely high level of detail and realism in artworks.

Artists create lifelike images resembling high-resolution photographs, emphasizing skill and technique in an effort to mirror reality.

Often plays with themes of simulation, challenging the viewer's perception of reality and representation.

Conceptual trends

1960s

Emphasis on the idea or concept behind the artwork

Aestethic and material aspects are secondary

Challenges traditional view of art as a visual pleasure object

Engages viewers intellectually

Sol leWitt

Includes preformances and installations

Highlights transient, ephemeral nature to underscore conceptual focus

Media Culture

Refers to cultural products and messages spread through mass media (TV, film, internet, newspapers, radio).

• Shapes public opinion, attitudes, values, and social norms.

• Influences political discourse and public perception of issues and figures.

Behavior and Health

• Media trends and portrayals act as models for personal behavior, especially among young people.

• Promotes unrealistic beauty standards, affecting body image and health.

• Social media can increase anxiety, depression, stress, and cognitive overload in youth.

Public Opinion and Politics

• Media outlets shape public opinion and political discourse.

• Biased or one-sided news consumption can lead to polarization.

• Framing of news stories influences voter opinions and election outcomes

Cultural and Ethical Implications

• Media and consumerism are linked → promotes idea that success = material possessions.

• Focus on ratings and profit can lead to sensationalism (shock over facts).

• May reduce quality of information (less educational, more entertainment).

• Global (mainly Western) media can cause cultural homogenization.

• Can weaken local traditions and values.

• Media influences and reshapes moral and ethical norms.

• Portrayal of violence, sex, and crime may normalize certain behaviors.

• Positive side: encourages cultural exchange and global awareness.

• Helps increase understanding and tolerance of different cultures.