PSY 001 Ch. 1 Review - History of Psychology

Willhelm Wundt

"father of psych" set up first psych lab in attempt to simple self-observation or on philosophical explanation: Structuralism

William James

founder of functionalism; studied how humans use perception to function in our environment

Sigmund Freud

Austrian neurologist known for his work on the unconscious mind. Father of psychoanalysis.

Wartheimer, Koffa, and Kohler

Gestalt psychology: Focused on the sum of the sensory experience rather than focusing on specific parts.

Pavlov

classical conditioning, behaviorism

Watson

Behaviorism; "Little Albert Study"

Skinner

operant conditioning, behaviorism

Maslow

Humanist psychologist who developed a pyramid representing heirarchy of human needs.

Rogers

Humanistic psychologist emphasizing

1) Unconditional positive regard

2) Genuineness

3) Empathy

The cognitive revolution

The shift away from strict behaviorism, begun in the 1950s, characterized by renewed interest in fundamental problems of consciousness and internal mental processes. Brought upon by advances in linguistics, computer science, and neuroscience.

Structuralism

an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the human mind.

Functionalism

a school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish.

Psychoanalysis

Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions

Behaviorism

the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).

Humanist psychology

a psychological approach that emphasizes free will, personal growth, resilience, and the achievement of human potential