Archaic and Classical Greece Final Test Dates

Agesilaus

444-360, King of Sparta from 400. Kinadon’s target. Started rivalry with Thebes after weird sacrifice and Troy messaging. Overshadowed by Lysander

Archidamian War

431-421, First half of the Peloponnesian war. Generally thought to be about Athenian imperialism. Sparta begins to actively rival Athenian hegemony. Athens technically wins, but still heavily damaged.

Chaeronea

338, Philip of Macedon defeats the Sacred Band of Thebes and Macedon rises to prominence

Cimon

507-449, Athenian general and statesman. Responsible for the dominance of the Delian League. Put down a revolt in Thasos. Spartan sympathizer, attempted to help during the helot revolt. Anti-Pericles sentiments. Ostracized in 461. Won the battle of the Eurymedon.

Kinadon’s Conspiracy

399, helot conspiracy to revolt led by Kinadon. Sparta holds fundamental issues that would eventually lead to its demise.

Corinthian War

395-386, Thebes-Athens-Corinth-Argos oppose Sparta. Being supported by the Persians, the alliance is incredibly effective. Persia is scared of the alliances’ sea dominance, so it supports Sparta instead, who wins.

Decelean War

413-303, Second half of the Peloponnesian War after Athens’ defeat in Sicily. Sparta reinforces Decelea. Sparta and Darius II team up to defeat Athens.

Delian League treasury moved from Delos to Athens

454/3, Athens gets full control of Delian treasury, kicking off their hegemony

Demosthenes

384-322, Phillip hater, Athenian. Scared of Macedonian hegemony. and would rather see Athens stand up against Philip and create their own hegemony.

Helot revolt at Sparta

464, earthquake leads to a subsequent helot revolt. Cimon sends troops to help Sparta, who subsequently denies Cimon, leading to his ostricization.

Isocrates

436-338, Athenian. Intermediary between Demosthenes and Philip. Believes that Philip should be the man to lead the Greeks into Persia.

Leuctra

371, End of Spartan Hegemony, beginning of Theban hegemony. Epiminondas outsmarts the stronger Spartan force and defeats them, showing their mortality.

Mantinea

362, End of Theban Hegemony. Epiminondas dies, and with him, the Theban leadership.

King’s Peace

386, A peace declared between Persians and Greeks declared by the Persian king. All Poleis must remain independent and not meddle with each other’s affairs. Thebes is hurt by this, Sparta is empowered (not actually, just in name).

Olympics

776, First recorded historical greek date (in history and not myth)

Peace of Callias

449/8, Callias is a pericles supporter. Peace is the end of the Persian wars. If Persia doesn’t go into the Aegean, Athens also won’t mess with Persia in Asia minor. Ionia is freed.

Peace of Nicias

421, End of the Archidamian War. Neither Athens nor Sparta give back territories agreed in the pact. Thebes doesn’t even sign it

Pelopidas

403-364, Robin to Epiminondas’ Batman of Theban hegemony. Dies in Thessaly messing with Jason

Pericles

495-429. Athenian populist leader. Moved the Delian League treasury. Won the Samian war.

Phillip of Macedon

382-336, Incredible leader of Macedon who conquered Greece (save Sparta). Incredible insight into the customs of Greece through his time in Thebes. Incredibly well thought out and a brilliant strategist.

Philip kept in Thebes

368-365. Phillip’s time in Thebes

Sicilian Expedition

415-413, An Athenian front against the Sicilian polis of Syracuse. After a back and forth between Alcibiades and Nicias, Athens sends an incredibly large force to Sicily. Alcibiades is recalled, leaving Nicias. Nicias is ruined, and Athens loses everything.

Social War

357-354, Allies of Athens rebel against Athens for its dominance over the second Athenian League. Philip seizes Amphipolis. Athens retreats from a persian threat.

Spartan Hegemony

404-371. Sparta dominates the rest of Greece. Lysander is well loved in Ionia, and are under a LYSANDER sphere of influence. Agesilaus does not take kindly to this and punishes lysander. Sparta runs everything.

Theban Hegemony

371-362. Thebes called all the shots in central Greece. Had enough influence to mess with the Spartans.

Third Sacred War

356-346. Delphic protector tribes fine Phocis, who responds by attempting to seize the temple. Thebes is focused on this war, and Phillip confederates Thessaly. After gaining power Phillip joins this war and becomes the protector of Delphi. Phillip is now incredibly prominent.

Thucydides

460-400. Historian and Athenian General.