Social & Cognitive Factors In Learning [AP Psychology Unit 4 Topic 4] (4.4)

Genetic predispositions

Biological influences that can impact learning.

Taste aversion

A learned avoidance of a food that causes sickness.

Instinctive drift

The tendency for conditioned animals to revert to biologically innate behaviors.

Cognitive map

A mental representation of one's environment.

Latent learning

Learning that occurs but is not immediately evident until a reward is given.

Extrinsic motivation

Motivation driven by external rewards or to avoid a punishment.

Intrinsic motivation

Motivation driven by internal desire, without external rewards.

Social learning

Learning that occurs through observing and interacting with others.

Observational learning

Learning that occurs by watching others and noting the consequences of their actions.

External locus of control

The belief that external factors dictate one's outcomes.

Internal locus of control

The belief that one can control their own outcomes through their actions.

Learned helplessness

A condition in which a person feels powerless and gives up due to perceived lack of control.

Problem-focused coping

Coping strategy that aims to eliminate or reduce stress by addressing the stressor.

Emotion-focused coping

Coping strategy that aims to manage emotional distress rather than addressing the stressor.

Biofeedback

A technique that teaches individuals to control physiological processes by providing real-time feedback.