Acute Pulmonary Edema (APO) Lecture Notes

These flashcards encompass key concepts, definitions, and details from the lecture notes on Acute Pulmonary Edema (APO), aiding in the understanding and review of the subject.

Acute Pulmonary Edema (APO)

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue, also known as acute heart failure.

Etiology of APO

Causes of acute pulmonary edema, including cardiogenic factors like heart failure and non-cardiogenic factors like lung injury or infections.

Pathophysiology of APO

Process involving decreased left ventricular function leading to increased pulmonary vascular pressure and fluid accumulation in lung tissue.

Clinical Manifestations of APO

Symptoms including dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, central cyanosis, cold extremities, anxiety, and foamy sputum.

Vasodilators in APO treatment

Medications such as nitrates used to dilate blood vessels and improve oxygenation.

Diuretics in APO treatment

Medications that remove excess fluids from the body.

Pulmonary wedge pressures

Measurements used to assess hemodynamic status in patients with acute pulmonary edema.

Client Education for APO

Instructions given to patients about emotional support, breathing techniques, medication adherence, low-sodium diet, and weight monitoring.

Nursing Diagnosis for APO

Identifying and addressing issues like impaired gas exchange and fluid volume excess in patients with acute pulmonary edema.

Assessment Data in APO

Subjective data like anxiety and inability to sleep, and objective data like persistent cough, tachypnea, hypoxemia, and confusion.