Flower Structure and Function Flashcards

Flashcards for reviewing flower structures and functions.

Flowers

The reproductive structures of anthophytes.

Sepals

Protect the flower bud, resembling small leaves or petals.

Petals

Colorful structures that attract pollinators and provide a landing platform.

Stamens

The male reproductive organs of a flower, consisting of the filament and anther.

Pistil

The female reproductive structure of a flower, including the stigma, style, and ovary.

Complete Flowers

Flowers that possess sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils.

Incomplete Flowers

Flowers missing one or more of the key organs: sepals, petals, stamens, or pistils.

Perfect Flowers

Flowers that contain both stamens and pistils.

Imperfect Flowers

Flowers that contain either functional stamens or pistils, but not both.

Monocot Flower

Flower with petal number that is a multiple of three.

Dicot Flower

Flower with petal number that is a multiple of four or five.

Self-pollination

When flowers pollinate themselves or another flower on the same plant.

Cross-pollination

When flowers receive pollen grain from another plant, often facilitated by pollinators.

Photoperiodism

The flowering response in plants influenced by the number of hours of uninterrupted darkness.

Short Day Plants (SDP)

Plants flower when the nights are long, typically during winter and spring.

Long Day Plants (LDP)

Plants that flower when the nights are short, typically during the summer.

Day Neutral Plants (DNP)

Flowering plants not affected by day length, flowering at any time of the year.

Intermediate Day Plants (IDP)

Plants that flower as long as the number of hours of darkness is neither too great nor few, typically in tropical regions.