Bio chapter 8 test review (copy)

Which reaction goes downhill?

exergonic

Where is most of the energy in ATP?

between the 2nd & 3rd phosphate group

What reactions release energy?

Catabolic reacctions

Which reaction consume energy?

Anabolic react

Which reactions build up bigger molecules?

Anabolic reactions

Which reaction breaks down molecules?

Catabolic  

Which reaction is considered uphill?

Anabolic

Which type of reaction is photosynthesis?

Anabolic

Which type of reaction is cellular respiration?

Catabolic

Which reaction requires enzymes to catalyze reactions?

Catabolic

1st law of Thermodynamics:

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

2nd Law of Thermodynamics:

Every energy transfer or transformation increases entropy in the universe. 

According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics we need energy to:

maintain cellular structure

Exergonic reaction:

releases free energy and is spontaneous

Endergonic reactions:

absorbs free energy from its environment is nonspontaneous and has a positive G

Energy coupling: 

• mediated by ATP

• uses exergonic process to drive endergonic process

ATP and RNA both:

• Have nitrogenous base

• have ribose 

A cell does three types of work:

• chemical

• transport

• mechanical

• this creates heat that goes into the enviornment

Ezymes are:

• catalytic proteins

• speed up a reaction

Activation energy:

initial energy needed for all reactions to start

How do enzymes affect free energy?

they don’t have any effect

What is the ultimate goal of an enzyme?

to lower E_A

Temperature affects enzymes by

changing its shape, causing to to unfold

Catalysts:

Speed up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction