Parts that make up an Cell

Protoplasm

The substance that makes up the cell, including cytoplasm and nucleoplasm.

Cell membrane

A double-walled structure with selective permeability that allows materials in and out of the cell.

Cytoplasm

The protoplasm inside the cell, primarily composed of water and organelles.

Nucleus

The control center of the cell that contains genetic material (DNA).

Nuclear membrane

A double-walled structure with pores that regulate the movement of materials in and out of the nucleoplasm.

Nucleoplasm

The protoplasm within the nucleus that contains DNA and ribosomes.

Chromatin

The loose and diffuse arrangement of DNA and ribosomes inside the nucleus.

Mitochondria

The site where glucose is converted to ATP, providing energy for the cell.

Lysosomes

Organelles that digest stored food, repair cellular components, and destroy weakened cell elements.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

The transport system of the cell, connecting the cell membrane to the nuclear membrane.

Smooth ER

A type of endoplasmic reticulum that lacks ribosomes.

Rough ER

A type of endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes on its surface, involved in protein synthesis.

Ribosomes

Cell structures responsible for synthesizing proteins.

Golgi Apparatus

An organelle that stores and concentrates compounds secreted by the cells.

Centrioles

Structures that form spindle fibers during cell division to guide chromosomes.