Veterinary Medical Records, Behavior, Restraint, and Client Communication

Q

Every

OU

Both Eyes

CRT

Capillary Refill Time

PO

By Mouth

BCS

Body Condition Score

AD

Right Ear

PRN

As Needed

OS

Left Eye

AS

Left Ear

BID

Twice a Day

OD

Right Eye

AU

Both Ears

SID

Once a Day

WNL

Within Normal Limits

BAR

Bright Alert Responsive

POVMR

Problem-Oriented Veterinary Medical Record

VCPR

Veterinarian-Client-Patient Relationship

What is sensitization?

Repeated exposure to a stimulus results in a progressive amplification of a response.

What is classical conditioning?

Associative learning where a neutral stimulus elicits an involuntary response.

What is operant conditioning?

Trial-&-error learning, which focuses on voluntary behavior.

What is habituation?

A type of conditioning where the animal's response to the same stimulus decreases in intensity over time.

What is polyuria?

Excessive urination.

What is polydipsia?

Excessive thirst.

What is flooding in behavior modification?

Exposing the animal to a fearful stimulus at full intensity.

What is desensitization?

Changing an animal's emotional response to a stimulus gradually over time & going at the animal's pace.

What complications can arise from a bath?

Chemical burns to eyes, ear infections, thermal burns, soap residue.

Why are nail trims important?

To prevent traumatic nail fractures and minimize physical damage inflicted on property.

What restraint positions can be used for a nail trim?

Standing or lateral recumbency.

What symptoms indicate an animal needs its anal glands expressed?

Scooting, inflammation, bad odor, pain.

What does the acronym GRABS stand for?

Gender, Reproduction Status, Age, Breed, Species.

What does SOAP stand for?

Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan.

Where would BAR be written in a SOAP note?

Under the subjective section.

Where would TPR be recorded in a SOAP note?

Under the objective section.

Which type of hospital requires the use of POVMR?

American Animal Hospital Association accredited hospitals.

What are the primary purposes of a medical record?

Identify the correct patient and owner, provide consistent treatment across healthcare team changes, generate effective diagnostic/treatment plans, create reminder cards, document patient responses to treatments/adjustments, notes from interactions with clients/patients.

How long must a medical record be kept before it can be shredded?

8+ years.

At what age can you give consent?

18 or more years old.

What is the first thing to do when working with a client and patient?

Determine the animal's signalment and know the client's and patient's name, introduce yourself/your position.

How is a veterinarian-client-patient relationship established?

The vet assumes responsibility, the client agrees, an exam is conducted, and a follow-up evaluation is arranged.

How should you approach asking questions to clients?

Use open-ended questions to enable clients to provide information themselves.

What is the ABC model in behavior correction?

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence; used to identify factors that encourage or discourage certain behaviors.

What is the most common reason for cats to be relinquished to shelters?

Unwanted elimination.

What are common reasons for a cat to eliminate outside the litter box?

Type of litter box, number of litter boxes, box location, and traumatic experiences.

If you have 2 cats in the house, how many litter boxes should you have?

3 litter boxes.

What are common causes of an ear infection?

Allergies, parasites (ear mites), yeast, bacteria (exacerbated by moisture).

What are acceptable positions for a pet during ear cleaning?

Sitting or sternal recumbency.

What is the goal of restraint?

Keep animal & personnel safe, safe collection of samples, administration of medication/medical care.

What behaviors indicate fear in a cat?

Swiveled ears, piloerection in tail, arched back.

What behaviors indicate fear in a dog?

Lip licking, whale eyes, tucked tail.

What is positive reinforcement?

Adding something to encourage a behavior.

What is negative reinforcement?

Removing something to encourage a behavior.

What is positive punishment?

Adding something to discourage a behavior.

What is negative punishment?

Removing something to discourage a behavior.

What is an example of positive reinforcement?

Neutron does a spin; I give him a seed :)

What is an example of negative reinforcement?

The lack of shock from a shock collar when the desired behavior is performed.

What is an example of positive punishment?

Hitting with a shoe/newspaper (induces fear).

What is an example of negative punishment?

Turning away/removing interaction when a dog jumps.