History of Architecture

Vocabulary-style flashcards based on History of Architecture lecture notes and exam review.

Sir Christopher Wren

The chief architect of St. Paul's cathedral in England.

Jericho

Recognized as the oldest town in the world.

Laws of the Indies

A comprehensive guide of 148 ordinances developed by King Philip II to aid colonists in locating, building, and populating settlements.

Panolong

The decorative extended floor beam found in a Maranaw house.

Church of the Holy Sepulcher

A church that contains two of the most important sites in Christianity.

Hieroglyphics

The system of writing used in Ancient Egypt.

Renaissance Architecture

A period originating in Italy infused with a spirit of enquiry and freedom of thought that re-introduced classical Greek and Roman styles.

Brunelleschi

The architect who successfully completed the dome for the unfinished Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence.

Hypostyle Hall

A large space with a flat roof supported by rows of columns, prevalent in ancient Egyptian and Achaemenid architecture.

Michelangelo

The architect credited with inventing the giant order, featuring large pilasters stretching from the bottom to the top of a façade, used in the Campidoglio in Rome.

Tatami

A basic unit of Japanese planning whose dimensions were derived from the measurements of the human body.

Garuda

A Hindu and Buddhist mythical creature that is half-bird and half-man, serving as a guardian.

Wabi

An aesthetic based on the principle of honesty and understatement.

Stonehenge

A famous assemblage of upright stones arranged in concentric rings with an altar slab at the center.

Pentellic Marble

The famous variety of marble preferred by ancient Greek sculptors.

Okir

Rectilinear and curvilinear plant-based designs used in the Lumad boathouse.

Calasiao

One of the largest churches in Pangasinan, built by Fr. Ramon Dalmau, said to have the second best belltower in the Philippines.

Dougong

A unique structural element of interlocking wooden brackets that is critical to traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean architecture.

Pai Lous

Chinese gateways erected as memorials for deceased persons of distinction.

Sarchophagus

An elaborate coffin for an important personage, made of materials like terra-cotta, wood, or stone, and decorated with painting or carving.

Imnoteph

The architect of King Djoser's funerary complex at Saqqara, one of the earliest monumental stone structures in Egypt.

Bramante

The architect who presented Pope Julius II with the first design for the new St. Peter's Basilica.

Palitada

A thin layer of stucco applied to walls to prevent erosion and wearing away by the elements.

Las Pinas

The location of the church that contains the world-famous bamboo organ.

Opus Tesselatum

A Roman floor pavement design featuring small tesserae arranged in horizontal or vertical rows for backgrounds.

Ishtar Gate

The gate to the City of Babylon.

Baroque

A style of architecture that interpreted the Renaissance in a dramatic, theatrical, and sculptural fashion.

Italian Renaissance

A renaissance style characterized by a return to the basilican type with columns, wooden roofs, and domes over square, polygonal, or Greek cross plans.

Rumah Adat

The distinctive style of traditional housing unique to each ethnic group in Indonesia.

Tenochtitlan

The ancient capital of the Aztec empire, located in modern-day Mexico City.

Nightingale Floor

A security device in traditional Japanese architecture designed to warn residents of the presence of intruders.

Arris

In Greek architecture, a sharp edge formed by the meeting of two surfaces.

Parian

The only gateway in Intramuros where Chinese tradesmen were permitted to sell their wares.

San Sebastian Church

A Filipino church featuring metal construction from Belgium, designed by Genaro Palacios y Guerra.

Wat Phra Keow

A temple in Bangkok, Thailand, used exclusively by the Thai Royal Family.

Hammurabi

The Babylonian King best known for promulgating a code of laws inscribed on massive steles.

Felix Rojas

The first qualified Philippine architect, who designed the Sto. Domingo Church and San Ignacio Church in Intramuros.

Temenos

The sacred enclosure of a Greek city.

Baclayon

The oldest church in Bohol, built by Fr. Juan de Torres and Fr. Gabriel Sanchez, containing the largest number of murals on its walls and ceiling.

The Dome of the Rock on the Temple Mount

Also known as the Noble Sanctuary and the third holiest shrine of Islam, associated with the mystical night journey and ascension of Prophet Mohammad.

Paco Park

A location that used to be called Cementerio General de Dilao.

Gothic Architecture

A period characterized by the rise of monastic communities, papal power, growth of towns, and rivalry with the church at the center.

Barasoain

The historic church where the inauguration of the first Philippine Republic was held.

Quattrocento

A period of 15th-century architecture in Italy involving the formulation of rules based on studies of classical antiquity.

Tipi

A conical tent originally made of skins and popularized by the American Indians of the Great Plains.