Overview of Smart Materials and Their Applications

Smart materials

Materials changing properties via external stimuli.

Thermochromic materials

Change color at specific temperatures.

Shape memory alloys (SMAs)

Return to original shape when heated.

Photochromic pigments

Change color with varying light levels.

External stimuli

Factors like stress, temperature, moisture, or pH.

Reversible changes

Property alterations that revert with environmental change.

Thermochromic film

Material layer that exhibits color change.

Battery test strips

Indicate battery condition through color change.

Thermometer strips

Plastic strips indicating temperature on foreheads.

Drink can indicators

Show if contents are cold enough.

Color-changing mugs

Mugs that change color with hot water.

Safety baby spoons

Change color to indicate hot food.

Color-changing t-shirts

Fabric that alters color based on conditions.

Temperature response

Reaction to heat changes in systems.

Electric door locks

Use SMA for movement via electrical current.

Artificial muscles

SMA applications in robotics for movement.

Repairable products

Items that regain shape when heated.

Sunglass lenses

Adjust tint based on light exposure.

Ultraviolet security markers

Visible only under UV light.

Photochromic windows

Adjust transparency with light levels.

Sun exposure bracelets

Change color to indicate sun exposure.