3.1.4 QUIZ

Pupil

Regulates light entering the eye for optimal vision under varying light conditions.

Retina

Sensory tissue converting light into electrical signals for visual processing.

Aqueous Humor

Clear fluid providing nutrients, maintaining pressure, and aiding vision.

Vitreous Humor

Gel-like substance maintaining eye shape and supporting the retina.

Lens

Focuses light onto the retina for clear vision at different distances.

Ciliary body

Controls lens shape, produces aqueous humor, and maintains intraocular pressure.

Suspensory ligaments

Connect ciliary body to lens, adjusting lens shape for clear vision.

Cornea

Refracts light onto the retina, protects the eye, and maintains its shape.

Choroid

Supplies oxygen and nutrients to the retina, regulates eye temperature.

Sclera

Provides structural support, protection, and attachment for eye muscles.

Macula

Area in the retina for central vision and color vision with high acuity.

Iris

Regulates light entering the eye by controlling pupil size and eye color.

Optic disc

Area where the optic nerve exits, lacking photoreceptors, forming the blind spot.

Optic nerve

Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain for processing.

Rods

Photoreceptors for low-light vision, located in the peripheral retina.

Cones

Photoreceptors for color vision and high acuity, concentrated in the central retina.

Onchocerciasis

Parasitic infection causing skin lesions and visual impairment.

Trachoma

Bacterial infection affecting the conjunctiva and cornea, leading to blindness.

Loiasis

Parasitic infection causing subcutaneous nodules and visual disturbances.

Retinitis Pigmentosa

Inherited retinal disorder leading to progressive vision loss.

Traumatic Iridodialysis

Iris detachment from blunt eye trauma, causing visual disturbances.

Myopia

Nearsightedness where distant objects appear blurry, corrected with concave lenses.

Hyperopia

Farsightedness where close objects appear blurry, corrected with convex lenses.

Corrective Lenses for Myopia (nearsightedness)

Concave (minus) lenses diverge light rays to shift the focal point backward onto the retina, aiding in focusing distant objects for clearer vision. (In front of retina)

Corrective Lenses for Hyperopia (farsightedness)

Convex (plus) lenses converge light rays to shift the focal point forward onto the retina, assisting in focusing close-up objects for clearer vision. (Behind retina)

20/20 Vision

Reading the Snellen Eye chart, 20/20 vision means seeing at 20 feet what a person with normal vision sees at 20 feet, indicating normal vision; smaller letters like 20/15 or 20/10 suggest better-than-normal vision.

Astigmatism

A common refractive error causing blurred vision at all distances due to irregular cornea or lens shape.

Fovea Centralis

Specialized area in the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision, with high cone concentration, minimal other retinal layers, and location for fixation.

Accommodation in the Eye

Involves ciliary muscle contraction/relaxation to adjust lens shape for proper refraction, flattening for distant objects and thickening for near objects to maintain clear vision at various distances.