fermentation

yeast

The ________ must first break the disaccharide before it can begin glycolysis and fermentation.

NADH

What does Fermentation do: takes the ________ and turns it back into NAD+ by wasting the energy in ________.

standard glycolysis

The yeast follows a few different steps to begin breaking down fructose, but the process rejoins ________ in the middle.

Yeast

________ performs what kind of fermentation to produce the alcohol in alcoholic beverages: ethanol fermentation.

The " " is used to power the various energy needs of the cell (like you use a AA battery at home)

ATP

What does glycolysis do

takes monosaccharides (single sugars) and cuts them into two pieces called pyruvate, generating two ATPs

what does Fermentation do

takes the NADH and turns it back into NAD+ by wasting the energy in NADH

In the presence of oxygen, aerobic species continue from glycolysis to

the reactions that lead to the ETC and chemiosmosis

In the absence of oxygen, cells go from glycolysis to

fermentation

Does fermentation make ATP

no

The " " is critical to doing glycolysis again, and glycolysis makes more ATP for the cell

NAD+

what are the two types of fermentation, and what are they based on

based on the end products.Lactic acid fermentation and ethanol fermentation

lactic acid fermentation

turns NADH back into NAD+ (the goal) and also converts the pyruvate into lactic acid (a waste product)

This is the type of fermentation that animals and most bacteria perform

lactic acid fermentation

Ethanol fermentation

NADH back into NAD+ (the goal) just as before, but it converts the pyruvate into ethanol and CO2 gas (waste products)

This type of fermentation is done by yeast

ethanol fermentation

what are some examples of using bacteria to ferment milk

Yogurt, cheese, and sour cream (Notice the sour flavor, also called a "bite," that these foods have

Traditional bread and swiss cheese, releasing CO2 gas that forms holes in the bread (making it "rise") or cheese, both rely on yeast (a fungus) to perform what kind of fermentation

ethanol fermentation

Yeast performs what kind of fermentation to produce the alcohol in alcoholic beverages

ethanol fermentation

The different types of alcoholic beverages are produced by starting with different " "

sugar sources

What is the goal of sugar metabolism

to take the energy found in sugar and use it to place a phosphate onto ADP (adenine diphosphate), making ATP (adenine triphosphate)