FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION ICSE CLASS 9

What are the five kingdoms in Whittaker's classification system?

Monera

Protista

Fungi

Plantae

Animalia

what are species

an organism of a particular kind whose member can interbreed among themselves to produce fertile young ones

What are the criteria used for classifying organisms into five kingdoms?

1.Cell type: Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic

2.Body organization: Unicellular or Multicellular

Mode of nutrition: Autotrophic or Heterotrophic

3.Reproduction: Asexual or Sexual reproduction

4.Cell wall presence: Absent or Present

What are the characteristics of Kingdom Monera?

Cell type: Prokaryotic

Body form: Unicellular

Examples: Bacteria, Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)

Nutrition: Autotrophic (photosynthesis) or Heterotrophic

Reproduction: Asexual by binary fission

Describe the features of Kingdom Protista.

Cell type: Eukaryotic

Body form: Unicellular or simple multicellular

Examples: Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena

Nutrition: Autotrophic or Heterotrophic

Reproduction: Asexual (binary fission) or Sexual

What are the key characteristics of Kingdom Fungi?

Cell type: Eukaryotic

Body form: Multicellular or unicellular

Examples: Yeast, Mushroom, Mucor

Cell wall: Present (made of chitin)

Mode of Nutrition: Saprophytic or Parasitic

Reproduction: Asexual (spores) and Sexual

What are the main characteristics of Kingdom Plantae?

Cell type: Eukaryotic

Body form: Multicellular

Cell wall: Present (made of cellulose)

Nutrition: Autotrophic (photosynthesis)

Reproduction: Asexual (vegetative propagation) and Sexual (seeds, spores)

List the characteristics of Kingdom Animalia.

Cell type: Eukaryotic

Body form: Multicellular

Cell wall: Absent

Nutrition: Heterotrophic

Reproduction: Mostly sexual

What are the key features of Phylum Annelida?

Body form: Segmented body

Circulatory system: Closed

Mode of nutrition: Heterotrophic

Examples: Earthworm, Leech

What are the characteristics of Phylum Chordata?

Key feature: Presence of a notochord at some stage of life

Circulatory system: Closed

Examples: Fishes, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals

What is the difference between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition?

Autotrophic: Organisms make their own food (e.g., plants, algae)

Heterotrophic: Organisms depend on other organisms for food (e.g., animals, fungi)

What is the economic importance of fungi?

Used in bread making (yeast).

Production of antibiotics (Penicillin).

Used in fermentation for alcohol production.

Can cause diseases in plants (rust, smut).

Economic Importance of earthworm in agriculture

How does the composition of cell walls vary across the kingdoms?

Monera: Peptidoglycan

Fungi: Chitin

Plantae: Cellulose

Animalia: No cell wall

Why is biological classification important?

1. Helps in understanding the diversity of life.

2. Makes it easier to study organisms based on shared traits.

3. Provides a framework for evolutionary relationships.

How is Phylum Chordata classified further?

Pisces (Fishes)

Amphibia (Frogs, Salamanders)

Reptilia (Snakes, Crocodiles)

Aves (Birds)

Mammalia (Humans, Lions)

differences between plants and animals

Plant Cells: Have a cell wall, large vacuoles and chloroplasts.

Animal Cells: Lack cell walls, vacuoles and chloroplasts

scientific name of

1. man

2. cat

3. cobra

4. mango

5. potato

6. china rose

7. bat

1. Homo sapiens

2. Felis domesticus

3. Naja naja

4. Magnifera indica

5. Solanun tuberosum

6. Chiroptera

General scheme of Five kingdom classification

1. Organism

a) Prokaryotes (unicellular, unorganized nucleus)

b) Eukaryotes (organized nucleus)

a)1) MONERA

b)2) Unicellular - PROTISTA

b) Multicellular

¡) with cell wall

3) Don't perform photosynthesis- FUNGI

4) performs photosynthesis - PLANTAE

¡¡)without cell wall - ANIMALIA

binomial nomenclature

A system for giving each organism a two-word scientific name that consists of the genus name followed by the species name.