Class Diagrams and Automotive-Cybercrime for midtern 435

Structural Models

Focus on system organization: components, characteristics, relationships.

UML Structural Models

Package diagrams - group UML models.

Component diagrams

Group classes into components.

Class diagrams

System's object-oriented classes (most common).

Deployment diagrams

Physical hardware.

Encapsulation

Group data/methods, restrict access (public/protected/private).

Abstraction

Hide implementation details.

Inheritance

Derive/add properties, promote reuse.

Polymorphism

Different behavior in different contexts.

Procedural (Imperative)

Statements/procedures (Fortran, C).

Functional (Declarative)

Chained functions (Lisp, Haskell).

Logic-based

Facts & rules (Prolog).

Object-Oriented

Interacting objects, focus on data (Java, Python, C++).

PYPL 2024 Ranking

Popularity via Google searches: Python (29%), Java (18%), JavaScript (9%), C/C++ (7%), C# (7%), R (5%). OO languages dominate.

Domain model

Real-world objects (nouns from use cases). Example: Student, Course, Instructor, Bursar.

Classes

Boxes with name.

Associations

Relationships (lines, labels, cardinality).

Multiplicity

One-to-one, one-to-many, etc.

Composition

Whole-part, dependent lifecycle (filled diamond).

Aggregation

Whole-part, independent lifecycle (open diamond).

Generalization/Inheritance

Shared characteristics, open arrow.

Attributes

Instance properties (listed under class name).

Operations

Class behaviors (methods).

Visibility

+ Public, # Protected, - Private.

Domain vs Design Models

Domain model (requirements) - problem/solution space, real-world. Design model (implementation) - software system, data types, methods.

Aggregation vs Inheritance

Inheritance (is-a) - special case. Aggregation (part-of) - component relationship.

Recursive Aggregates

A class contains instances of itself (e.g., compound statements).

Object Modeling Summary

Classes: name, attributes, operations. Associations: roles, link attributes. Relationships: aggregation, composition, inheritance.

Trust

Built on reputation, integrity, processes.

California Bill SB1047

AI developers must implement shutdown, safety protocols, and protections against misuse.

Unauthorized AI use in CSE435

Individual work → if self-reported, no penalty; if caught, penalty grade. Projects → unauthorized AI = zero on project + possible course fail.

Automotive Security

Ecosystem: vehicles = ultra-large-scale systems, connected networks.

Cybersecurity Threats

Broad threats: Interruption (DoS, data erased), Interception (unauthorized access, wiretapping), Modification (tampering, viruses, Trojans), Fabrication (fake transactions, counterfeit data).