Chapter 20 - Blood Vessels

What is the order of tunics from superficial to deep of blood vessels?

Externa

Media

Intima

What is the tunica media made of?

sheets of smooth muscle

What is the lumen?

Central blood filled space of a vessel

Do veins or arteries have valves?

Veins

Which tunic is largest in arteries?

tunica media

Why are arteries thicker?

they deal with higher pressure

Do arteries carry blood toward or away from the heart

away

do veins carry blood toward or away from the heart

toward

Types of arteries

elastic, muscular, arterioles

Which type of artery is largest

elastic

what are the elastic arteries sometimes called

conducting arteries

Which artery type is smallest

arterioles

what is unique about the arterioles

they do not posses all three tunics

the muscular (distributing) arteries include what

most of the named arteries

What is unique about the muscular arteries

have internal and external elastic laminae and have a thick tunica media

Why are capillaries important

for exchange

What do precapillary sphincters do?

regulate blood flow

What are the two types of capillaries

continuous and fenestrated

What is special about fenestrated cappilaries

they are less common and have large pores for increased permability

Is blood pressure higher or lower in veins

lower

what are the smallest veins called

venules

which tunic is thickest in veins

tunic externa

What helps to send blood back to the heart through the veins

skeletal muscle pump

What are vascular anastomoses

interconnections which make sure organs receive blood from more than one source

do veins or arteries more frequently anastomse

veins

What are vasa vasorum

vessels of vessels - they nourish the outer region of large vessels

Where does the inner half of large vessel get nutrients from?

luminal blood

Which ventricle does the pulmonary trunk leave from

right

What does the pulmonary trunk split into

left and right pulmonary arteries

Superior and inferior pulmonary veins do what

carry blood to left atrium

What is the largest artery in the body

aorta

Ascending aorta comes from the _____ ventricle and branches into the ______ arteries

left, coronary

The aortic arch branches into what three things

brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid and left subclavian arteries

Where is the hepatic portal system

in the liver

Where do the superior and inferior vena cava join

the right atrium

Are the dural sinuses veins?

yes

Which veins drain the head and neck

internal jugular, external jugular and vertebral veins

What are the superficial veins of the upper limb

cephalic, basilic, median cubital, and median vein of forearm

What are the three important veins of the thorax

azygos, hemiazygous and accessory hemiazygos

What is the difference between the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic vein

the hepatic portal vein connects two capillary beds, the hepatic vein connects the second capillary bed to a bigger vein

What are the superficial veins of the lower limb

great and small saphenous