MHLecture 2.2

Flashcards on Mood Disorders, Depression, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A medical illness that affects how you feel, think, and behave, causing persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities (for at least 2 weeks)

Persistent Depressive Disorder (PPD)

Depressive symptoms that have been present for at least 2 years

Anergia

Reduction in or lack of energy

Anhedonia

Inability to find meaning in existence

Bipolar I Disorder

Characterized by at least one episode of “persistent or elevated, expansive or irritable mood” (mania), accompanied by changes in activity and energy. Usually also includes a major depressive episode.

Bipolar II Disorder

At least one period of hypomania (decreased need for sleep, inflated self-esteem, increased energy, impulsiveness) alternating with one or more periods of depression. Never experience a full manic episode.

Mania

An exaggerated, elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, accompanied by a persistent increase in activity and/or energy (DIGFAST)

Hypomania

A lower intensity mania (must last 4 days)

Mixed episode

Concurrent symptoms of both mania and depression

Prodromal Phase (Schizophrenia)

S/S that precede the acute, fully manifested signs and symptoms of schizophrenia. Early S/S: social withdrawal, deterioration in functioning, depressive mood, perceptual disturbances, magical thinking, peculiar behavior

Acute Phase (Schizophrenia)

Severe and well-developed symptoms grouped into four categories: Positive/florid symptoms, Negative/deficit symptoms, Cognitive/ neurocognitive symptoms, Mood symptoms

Stabilization Phase (Schizophrenia)

Period in which acute symptoms, particularly the positive symptoms, decrease in severity

Maintenance Phase (Schizophrenia)

Period in which symptoms are in remission (but mild s/s may still stay)

Delusions

False fixed beliefs that cannot be correct by reasoning

Hallucinations

Sensory experiences that are not real (seeing, hearing, tasting, feeling)

Neologisms

“Made-up” words that have special meaning to the person

Echolalia

Repeating of another’s words by imitation

Apathy

Lack of interest & emotion

Anhedonia

Inability to experience joy or pleasure

Blunted or flat affect

Reduced emotional expression

Catatonia

Extreme and abnormal motor behavior

Waxy flexibility

Excessive maintenance of posture

Schizoaffective Disorder

Schizophrenia with an underlying mood disorder (either bipolar disorder or major depression) but does not meet diagnostic criteria for either bipolar or depression alone

Recovery Model

Premise and ultimate goal of this evidence-based model is to get the client to maximum level of functioning using four supporting dimensions: 1. Health, 2. Home, 3. Purpose, 4. Community

Serotonin Syndrome

Shivering, Hyperreflexia/monoclonus, Increased temperature, Vital sign instability (increased HR, RR), Encephalopathy (confusion), Restlessness/incoordination, Sweating