pharmacology exam 2- Dr. jackson study guide

prepare and administer in a low traffic, well ventilated area with a ventilated hood, wear proper protective attire when preparing and administering drug, use syringes and IV line with screw on attachments to prevent spillage, recheck the calculated dose, confirm that the catheter is in place within the vein and is patent, discard syringes and needles in sealable plastic bags immediately after use

safe preparation of chemo drugs

filter mask, gloves, long sleeved non porous gown, goggles

what proper attire do you wear while preparing/administering chemo drugs?

carboplatin

this chemo drug is used to treat osteosarcoma, melanoma, and a variety of carcinomas and sarcomas in cats and dogs

chlorambucil

this chemo drug is a immunosuppressant and antineoplastic and is less effective for maintenance therapy of high grade lymphomas; used in place of cyclophosphamide when patients are intolerant of it

cisplatin

what chemo drug is used for a variety of carcinomas and sarcomas, intracavity lesions of equine sarcoids, and cutaneous neoplasias;cannot be used in cats

doxorubicin

what chemo drug is used for lymphoma, leukemias, certain sarcomas, and carcinomas in dogs; broadest spectrum antineoplastic drug in veterinary medicine

lomustine

what chemo drug is useful in adjunctive treatment of CNS neoplasms, lymphomas, mast cell tumors in dogs and cats, and a rescue agent for lymphosarcoma

mitoxantrone

what chemo drugs main use is for lymphomas resistant to other drugs?

vinblastine sulfate

what chemo drug is used primarily for mast cell tumors in dogs and cats as rescue therapy in lymphosarcoma?

vincristine sulfate

what chemo drug is commonly used in combination with other drugs to treat lymphoma, leukemia, mast cell tumors, and soft tissue sarcomas; successful single agent for treatment of TVT and used to treat immune-mediated thrombocytopenia?

chlorambucil

what chemo drug causes GI toxicity?

cisplatin

what chemo drug causes nephrotoxicitity?

doxorubicin

what chemo drug causes cardiac toxicity?

lomustine

what chemo drug causes hepatic toxicity in dogs?

mitoxantrone

what drug causes mild to moderate GI toxicity and turns the sclera of the eye and urine a blue-green color after therapy

vinblastine sulfate and vincristine sulfate

what chemo drugs has severe consequences of extravasation occurs resulting in local phlebitis and pain

Anticonvulsants

help prevent seizures by suppressing the spread of abnormal electric impulses from the seizure focus to other areas of the cerebral cortex

behavior modifying drugs

these drugs change the concentration of selected neurotransmitters in the brain; the goal is to decrease or enhance specific mental activity

Antipsychotics

tranquilizers used to decrease inappropriate behavioral responses to stimuli

anxiolytics

can be used to reduce general anxiety but are not the best drugs for the reduction of aggression

diazepam

drug of choice for emergency treatment in seizures?

Phenobarbital

drug of choice for maintenance of seizures?

TCAs

both drugs work by decreasing the reuptake of serotonin which allows the neurotransmitter to accumulate and prolongs the activity; used to treat generalized anxiety and separation anxiety in behavior in dogs

SSRIs

these drugs enhance the effect of serotonin neurotransmitter by blocking the removal from the synaptic cleft; used for OCD, anxiety, and aggression

MAOIs

these drugs increase the amount of dopamine found in selected cells of the CNS and enhance the effect of dopamine; used for cognitive dysfunction

dopamine

plays a role in motor control, motivation, arousal, cognition, and reward, as well as a number of basic lower level functions including lactation, sexual gratification, and nausea

serotonin

this includes brain cells related to mood, sexual desire, and function, appetite, sleep, memory and learning, temperature regulation, and some social behavior

GABA

natural function is to reduce the activity of the neurons to which it binds; believed to control fear or anxiety

the efficacy is dependent on the metabolism of primidone

why is primidone not favorable in our patients?

most animals develop a significant tolerance to it in a short time which limits long term use

why do we not use clonazepam?

phenobarbitol, diazepam, potassium bromide, primidone, phenytoin, clonazepam, levetiracetam

what are anticonvulsant drugs?

acepromazine

what are antipsychotic drugs?

amitriptyline and clomipramine

what are TCA(antidepressants) drugs

fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline

what are SSRI drugs?

Selegilene

what are the MAOI drugs?