Forensic Anthropology Exam 1

Who is known as the Father of Forensic Anthropology as an academic field?

Thomas Dwight, M.D.

One of Wilton Krogman’s significant contributions to the field is…

He published the first essay on forensic anthropology in the FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin

The Luetgert case is significant because…

It was the first case in which a biological anthropologist testified in a murder case.

Mildred Trotter, in her time at CILHI, published the first…

Stature estimation formulae.

The Vietnam War did not lead to any new research in forensic anthropology because…

Most deceased servicemen’s remains were recovered very quickly.

The two first medical school collections are

Hamman-Todd collection, Terry collection

Forensic anthropology was used during WW2 to…

identify and return of dead soldiers to their families

What are the components of the biological profile?

Stature, ancestry, age at death, sex.

Forensic Anthropology is…

the application of biological anthropology to medico-legal questions

The five principal objectives are…

biological profile, ID of trauma relevant to death, time since death, field recovery, and positive ID of skeleton.

Antemortem is…

During life

Perimortem is…

Near the time of death.

Postmortem is…

After death

What are the two parts of bone that make up its composite composition?

Organic and inorganic

Organic bone consists of…

Collagen, allowing for some bending

Inorganic bone consists of…

Calcium (mineral salts), making bones brittle

The body’s rigid connective tissues include…

Bone and cartilage

The body’s rigid connective tissues include…

Bone and cartilage

Name the types of bone.

Short, long, irregular, flat.

The parts of long bones (arms and legs) are…

1. Diaphysis (shaft)

2. Epiphyses (ends)

3. Metaphysis (flaring portion)

4. Medullary cavity (where the bone marrow is)

What is the standard anatomical position?

Palms forward so that no long bones cross each other.

The axial skeleton includes…

The trunk and skull

The appendicular skeleton includes…

limbs, including shoulder and pelvic girdles

Directional references

Lateral view and anterior view

The cortical bone is…

The smooth outer layer of bone.

Cortical bone is _________ in other mammals than it is in humans

Thicker.

The fundamental unit of cortical bone is…

Osteons

Woven bone is…

Found in growing and repairing bone, and collagen fibers are irregular

The function of the bone is…

1. Movement (levers/struts)

2. Support (endoskeleton)

3. Defense (skull/ribs)

4. Supply (blood cells/minerals)

Adult skeletons typically have____ bones

206

Infant skeletons have ____ bones

300+

Where is the primary ossification center in a long bone?

Diaphysis.

Where is the secondary ossification center in a long bone?

Epiphysis

_____ dissolve away old bone.

OsteoCLASTS → CLAST = crush/clear away

 _____ deposit new bone.

OsteoBLASTS → BLAST = build

_____ are osteoblasts that have become trapped in their own matrix

OsteoCYTES → CYTE + site of osteoblasts

What is the best tool for a forensic anthropologist in distinguishing human bone from non-human bone?

 A thorough knowledge of human osteology.

Human osteons

Arranged RANDOMLY

Non-human osteons

Arranged in LAYERS

Modern dental

Lack of significant wear

Prehistoric dental

Significant wear