CH.13 AP WORLD

What does 'Dar al-Islam' refer to?

The parts of the world where Muslims are the majority and the rulers practice Islam.

What significant impact did Persia have on Islamic society?

Persia greatly influenced Muslim literary works and governance.

Who was Ibn Rushd and what was his contribution to Islamic philosophy?

Ibn Rushd was a philosopher who studied Aristotle and significantly influenced Muslim thought.

What was the main focus of Sunni Islam regarding leadership?

Sunni Islam emphasized leadership through the community and the rightful caliphs, particularly blood relatives of Muhammad.

What was the Umayyad dynasty's approach to governance?

The Umayyad dynasty provided a more administrative outlook and solved succession issues.

What tax was imposed on non-Muslims under the Umayyad dynasty?

A head tax known as jizya was imposed on those who did not convert to Islam.

What was the Abbasid dynasty known for?

The Abbasid dynasty was known for its focus on administration, inclusivity in governance, and cultural flourishing rather than military conquest.

What was Baghdad's significance during the Abbasid dynasty?

Baghdad became the new capital and a center for trade and culture.

Who was Harun al-Rashid?

Harun al-Rashid was a caliph known for his wealth and support of the arts and sciences.

How did agriculture change during the Islamic Golden Age?

New crops were adopted, allowing year-round planting, which dramatically increased food production.

What role did paper play in the Islamic world?

Paper, introduced from China, facilitated the spread of knowledge and record-keeping, leading to the establishment of paper mills.

What was Muhammad's early life like?

Muhammad had a difficult beginning but became knowledgeable about Judaism and Christianity before receiving a message from Allah.

What is the significance of the Hijra?

The Hijra was Muhammad's migration to Medina, marking the beginning of the Muslim community (umma).

What are the Five Pillars of Islam?

The Five Pillars are the foundational acts of worship in Islam, including faith, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and pilgrimage.

What does 'Jihad' mean in the context of Islam?

Jihad refers to the struggle to fight evil and spread Islam.

What is Sharia?

Sharia is Islamic law that provides a comprehensive way of life based on Islamic principles.

Who was the first caliph in Islam?

Abu Bakr, a close friend of Muhammad, was the first caliph.

What regions did Muslim armies conquer during the early caliphate?

Muslim armies conquered parts of the Middle East, Eastern Africa, and Northern Africa.

What does Jihad mean

a struggle or fight against the enemies of Islam and for the protection of the Islamic community.

Did the Quran offer ways to govern an empire?

no, the abbasid empire took insparation from the persian and mesopotamian people

What place had a great impact on the Muslim government and literary works?

persia

Did Greek philosophy influence muslims?

Yes, it did greatly, especially Ibn Rushd, who studied Aristotle.