Geography 202 Exam 2 Chapter 6 Sub-saharan africa

General description of Sub-saharan Africa

-South of the Sahara Desert

-Not Arabic

-Similar Livelihoods

-Shared colonial experience

What is the Physical setting of sub-saharan Africa?

It is a large land mass that straddles the equator. It is a plateau continent that has a large valley caused by a diverging plate boundary called the rift valley

What are some of the environmental issues affect SSA?

Desertification

Deforestation

-This is due to a shortage of biofuels

What is the Sahel?

The Sahel is the transition zone along the Southern Sahara Desert

What are some Human forces causing desertification in SSH?

Overgrazing

Agricultural expansion

Excess groundwater usage

High population density

What climates can be found in SSH?

Tropical

Equatorial and Desert/Arid

Some parts have a rainy season

Where is the population of SSH concentrated?

The Rift valley

West African coast

The Sahel

The percent Urban of SSH is generally _______.

Low

What is agricultural density?

(The number of farmers in a region / Arable land in the region)

The agricultural density of SSH is generally ______.

High

The estimated population of SSH is_____?

More than 800 mill

What are the top three most populous countries in SSH and what are their populations?

Nigeria - 170.1 mil

Ethiopia - 87 mil

Dem. Rep. of Congo - 69.1 mil

What country is the least populous in SSH and what is its population?

Seychelles - 0.1 mil

What countries in SSH have the highest population densities and what are their population densities?

Mauritius - 633

Burundi - 379

Comoros - 346

In general compared to the rest of the world the total fertility rate of SSH is ____.

Very High

What country is the in SSH has the highest fertility rate and what is its fertility rate?

Somalia - 6.4

SSH is the worlds fastest growing region as far as _____.

Population

The net migration of SSH is mostly _______.

Negative

Child and maternal mortality rates in SSH are ______.

High

Life expectancy in SSH is low and ______.

Dropping

The population pyramid of Ethiopia is More ______ and _______ growing, _______ heavy. Most women have ___ children and the RNI is ____%.

rural

rapidly

bottom

5

2.4

What are the three major diseases affecting SSH right now?

HIV/AIDs

Malaria

Ebola

HIV/AIDs

Started in the Congo

58% of africans who have AIDs are women

South Africa has over 20% AIDs rate

Malaria

Mosquito-borne

-DDT (a banned pesticide) is effective prevention

-use mosquito nets when sleeping to prevent bites

No known cure

Ebola

No known cure but there are ways to fight it, like cancer

60-90% death rate

Spread through touch

What is a Green revolution?

When farmers are taught to move from subsistence to export agriculture, supporting themselves

Who is Norman Borlaug?

He started the green revolution in Africa

Credited with saving over 1 billion lives

Won Nobel peace prize

What is a Megacity and are there any in SSH?

It is a city with 10 million+ people

Lagos, Nigeria - 14 mil

SSH is the _____ urbanized region in the world.

Least

What a lingua franca and what is the lingua franca of SSH?

A lingua franca is the language of business in a region

Swahili

What are the languages that are superimposed in SSH?

French

English

Arabic

Somali

What is the Oldest language in the World that finds its roots in SSH?

Khoisan

uses clicks in-between consonant and vowel sounds

What are the two most popular religions in SSH?

Islam in Sahel and Horn of Africa

Christianity or Christian animist in the south

Why is African culture so widespread across the world and in what Major way has it been globalized?

It is so widespread because of the African Slave trade

The major way african culture has been globalized is through Music

Who is John Lomax?

He was and his son Alan were music archivists at the smithsonian who attempted to preserve the culture of african slave music by documenting and archiving it

What was the Berlin Conference and what happened there?

The Berlin conference was a conference held in Berlin in 1884 to avoid war between England and France over Africa. The European leaders divided up Africa and no african leaders were present at the meeting.

What nations in SSH are completely independent?

Liberia

Ethiopia

South Africa

What is Liberia?

Liberia is a country on the west coast of Africa established in 1822 where Philadelphians bought freed and returned slaves to Liberia.

When did the European countries give African colonies their independence?

The 1950's and 60's

SSH is the _____ and ______ developed region of the world.

poorest

least

Illiteracy in SSH is _____ and they have a ____ women's rights record

high

Bad

What is poverty is SSH characterized by?

Poor infrastructure

-debt

-lack of roads

Poor Food policies

Corruption

What is a Kleptocracy?

It is a corrupt government and it has a negative impact on the economy

What is the Kimberly process?

The Kimberly process was an attempt to regulate the industry and stop diamond smuggling

How many zeros did the president of Zimbabwe cut from their economy?

10

What country has the highest GNI in SSH?

Equatorial Guinea - $23,760

What is a Genocide?

A systematic killing of a radical or cultural group

What are the major issues affecting SSH?

Disease

Poor interaction with the rest of the world

Poor social policy

Poor governance due to corruption

Economic development