Religion & Power

Thomas Theorem

If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences.

Sociological Imagination

The ability to view our society as an outsider might, rather than relying only on our individual perspective, shaped by cultural biases.

Individualism vs Sociological Explanations

Western perspectives focus on individual choices and experiences rather than collective social forces.

Evangelical Christians

A group emphasizing spreading the word and often associated with being 'born again' through practices like baptism.

Structural Functionalism

A sociological paradigm highlighting the interconnectedness of societal institutions and their roles in maintaining stability.

Critical/Conflict Theories

Focus on competition between groups and the power differences among large social groups.

Symbolic Interactionism

A sociological approach emphasizing that reality is learned through interactions with others.

Durkheim’s Definition of Religion

A unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things that creates a moral community called a church.

Sacred vs Profane

Sacred refers to elements that inspire awe and respect, while profane refers to the mundane aspects of life.

Civil Religion

An institutionalized collection of sacred beliefs about the nation, providing cohesion during crises.

Collective Effervescence

A shared emotional experience during communal rituals that reinforces group solidarity.

Four Images of God

Various perceptions of God, including authoritative, benevolent, critical, and distant, influencing moral and political views.

Supernatural Punishment Hypothesis

The belief that the fear of a punitive deity deters individuals from dishonest behavior.

Functional Definitions of Religion

Describes the social or psychological functions that religion performs for individuals and society.

Eschatological Problems

Big questions regarding human existence, such as origins, purpose, and afterlife.

Methodological Empiricism

Utilizing observable data and information to understand and generalize about religious patterns.

Symbolic Definitions of Religion

Religion as a collection of symbols representing specific worldviews and prescriptions for behavior.

Social Stratification

Examines who gets what in terms of resources and opportunities within a society.

Religious Landscape Today

The contemporary dynamics between different religious groups, such as Protestants and Catholics.

Criticism of Traditional Religion

Focuses on shortcomings within established forms of religion and highlights evolving beliefs and practices.

Totemic Principle

The idea that certain objects or symbols represent both a community and the supernatural.