Science 8 Fall Final Vocab

Slope

change in y / change in x; rise / run

Extrapolation

estimating a reading BEYOND the range of the graph

Interpolation

estimating a reading BETWEEN the parts on the graph

Acceleration

the rate at which an object's velocity changes

Momentum

the amount of motion an object has

Speed

The distance an object travels per unit of time

Velocity

the speed of an object in a particular direction

Perpendicular Force

a downward force

Coefficient of Friction

the ratio of the force of friction to the normal force between 2 surfaces

Vector

a quantity that has magnitude and direction

Motion

a change in the position of an objects

Average Speed

total distance divided by the total time

Constant Speed

the rate of change of position in which the same distance is traveled each second

Instantaneous Speed

the rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time

Force

a push or pull on an object

Balence Force

an equal and opposite force

Net Force

the total of all forces acting on an object

Inertia

an object's tendency to resist a change in motion

Kinetic Friction

moving friction

Kinetic Energy

the energy of a moving object

Potential Energy

the energy stored in an object

Elastic Potential Energy

stored energy in a stretched or compressed object

Gravitational Potential Energy

energy stored in an object due to its position above the Earth's surface

Power

the rate at which work is done

Work

the transfer of energy

Friction

a force that opposes motion

Scalar

a quantity that has magnitude

Static Friction

friction that overcomes inertia

Mechanical Energy

sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy in a system