behavior & interventions final

DRA stands for:

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior

What is DRA

Reinforce more appropriate alternatives.

DRO Stands for:

differential reinforcement of other behavior

What is Dro 

Reinforce any other behavior besides the problem

DRL

Differential Reinforcement of low rates

What is DRL

Reinforce lower rates of a certain behavior (doing it less give them a token)

ABA

Applied Behavior Analysis

What is ABA

FCT 

Functional communication training 

What is FCT 

DRI

Differential Reinforcement of incompatible behavior

What is DRI

Reinforce behaviors that cannot occur at the same time as the problem behavior

Positive Reinforcement

Adding something desirable to increase a behavior

Negative Reinforcement

Removing something aversive to increase a behavior 

Types of Reinforcers

tangible, social, activity based, & natural

How to conduct preference assessments

ask them or give them a checkoff list to find out what they like (what they will work for) 

How to select effective individualized reinforcers

make sure they like them

Why is contingency (only after a desired behavior) important? 

Why is immediacy (right after a behavior) important?

Behavior contracts 

Token Economy 

Behavioral momentum 

amount of time it occurs (increasing or decreasing)

Respectful Redirection

How to increase desirable behaviors?

Praise, token systems, behavior contracts

How to decrease challenging behaviors?

Data driven interventions,

Differential reinforcement procedures

DRI, DRL, DRA, DRO

How extinction and punishment differ from reinforcement based strategies and their ethical considerations? 

punishment you are decreasing and reinforcement you are trying to increase a positive behavior

ethical considerations: least restrictive alternative.

The definition and importance of Generalization

transferring skills learned in one setting or with one person to new settings, people or tasks. 

Concrete strategies for generalization

practice new skills in varied settings (table, classroom, playground), use different materials instructions, and people, schedule learning opportunities across time and places, and recognize and reward generalizations with natural reinforcement (peer praise).

Why does prompting fading, varied reinforcement, and community inclusion - build independent skills for real life settings? 

How to define a target behavior operationally and collect data?

Frequency, duration, and ABC charts.

Defining a target

Behaviors, Specific, Observable, measurable 

ABC 

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence 

Methods for monitoring progress and adjusting interventions? 

Example of scenario questions for applying reinforcement, schedules, and differential reinforcement 

Steps for fading prompts and maintaining behavior change ethically 

2 scenarios

1- pick dro, dri, etc and why, the advantages, and what to do if it doesn’t work.

2- generalization name and describe 3 concrete strats & how you’d use them & 2 examples of natural occurring reinforcement, why is it important to progress monitor when generalizing

Fixed Ratio

Variable Ratio

Fixed Interval

Variable interval