Code of Hammurabi - Reading 1

Who wrote Code of Hammurabi?

Hammurabi, king of Babylon; translated into English

When was Code of Hammurabi written?

Around 1750 BCE.

What type of document is Code of Hammurabi?

A legal code (laws engraved on a public stele).

Who is the intended audience of Code of Hammurabi?

Babylonian citizens, judges, officials; today, historians and students.

What is the main storyline of Code of Hammurabi?

Hammurabi presents himself as divinely chosen, lists laws for justice, and promises protection while punishing lawbreakers.

Why was Code of Hammurabi written?

To legitimize Hammurabi’s rule, unify society, protect the weak, and maintain order.

Assumptions about source/author of Code of Hammurabi?

Society was hierarchical, law was divinely sanctioned, punishments were harsh and unequal, and the king wanted to be remembered as just.

Can Code of Hammurabi be believed?

Yes; it is authentic, but reflects idealized laws more than daily practice.

What can be learned about society in Code of Hammurabi?

Patriarchal, class-based, religiously guided, regulated trade and labor, and used strict punishments to enforce order.

What is the historical context of Code of Hammurabi?

Shows Babylon’s centralization and legal innovation; influenced later law systems.

Why was Code of Hammurabi expressed this way?

To project divine authority, ensure obedience, and reinforce Hammurabi’s legacy.

What is the lasting importance of Code of Hammurabi?

Earliest known comprehensive law code; set precedent for public legal codes.

What is Code of Hammurabi’s importance in Western history?

Foundation for codified law; influenced Hebrew, Greek, Roman, and later Western legal systems.