Medsurg Exam 3 Study Guide: Key Terms and Definitions

Left

Prior to a colonoscopy, an enema should be done until the return is clear while patient is laying on ______ side

Polyps

A barium enema may be done to detect the presence of _________ which may be removed due to cancer risk

Upper endoscopy

What does EGD stand for

FOBT

Patient should avoid red meats, aspirin, Vitam C, and NSAIDS for 72 hours prior to what

Central

TPN nutrition requires a __________ line

Alkalosis

NG tube suctioning can lead to metabolic __________

Hypoglycemia

Stopping parental nutrition can lead to ______________ which is characterized by sweaty skin, palpitations, and decreased LOC

Peg tube

Tube that bipasses esophagus and goes directly into stomach for feeding

30

Patients recieving a G-tube feeding should be at ____ degreees

Skin breakdown

Patients recieving enteral feeding should be monitored for ________ _____________ due to diarrhea

Crohns disease

Cluster of ulcers in bowel that DONT bleed

**Diarrhea

Colonoscopy

Diverticulosis & diverticulitis is typically diagnosed using what

Ruptured diverticula

A complication of diverticulitis is _________ ___________ which causes distended & hard abdomen, pain when palpating

**Call doctor if suspected!!

Fiber & fluid

Patients with constipation should increase what

Potassium

A complication of diarrhea is low _________ leading to cardiac dysrhythmias

Weak pulse

Cardiac dysrhythmias can be auscultated and palpated for ______ ________

Acidosis

Diarrhea can lead to metabolic _________

Upper

Dark blood in feces indicate an _________ bleed

Rectum

Bright blood in feces indicates a hemorrhoid or polyp at the _________

Duodenum

Most common place for peptic ulcers

H. pylori

Most common cause of peptic ulcers

Proton pump inhibit (-prazole) & H2 histamine (-tidines)

Peptic ulcers (and GERD) from H. Pylori should be treated with

Ulcerative colitis

Deep ulcers with bleeding
**liquid stood with pus, mucus, or blood

Low

Bleeding from ulcerative colitis causes tachy pulse and _________ BP & RR

Low fat

Patients with GERD should be on what diet

Barretts esophagus

A complication of GERD is __________ ___________ which changes the lining of the esophagus and can lead to cancer

B12

Gastritis causes the malabsorption of which vitamin

Brain bleed

A severe headache following trauma can indicate what

**Call doctor

IV

After ensuring safety, an ______ should be started for a longer seizure

Multiple sclerosis

Disease charectorized by demyelination of nerves

Fatigue

Patients with multiple sclerosis should avoid strenuous activity and ________ and should rest often

Rest

Tremors in parkinsons increase during _______

Dyskinesia

Adverse effects of carbidopa-levodopa for Parkinsons
**Causes involuntary & erratic movement

Hypertension

#1 cause of hemorrhagic stroke

Thick

TIAs can be caused by clot, _______ blood, or vessel spasm

Carotid endarterectomy

Done after multiple TIAs to remove plaque from carotid artery

Pannus

In rheumatoid arthritis, ________ fills in synovial fluid

Gastric ulcers

Long term use of NSAIDs to treat rheumatoid arthritis can cause

Organs

Systemic lupus is an inflammatory disease effecting the _________

Uric acid

GOUT is a build up of _______ ______ at the joints

Purines

A decrease of ________ can help treat GOUT

Autoimmune

Fibromyalgia is an ___________ disease causing chronic pain

Achilles tendon

Signs of fibromyalgia include fibromyalgia pain points, pain when taking BP & when pinching __________ ________

Herniated disc

Sever pain while laying down and lifting leg cause mean

Noninflammatory

Osteoarthritis is a _________________ degenerative disorder of the joints

Tylenol

Orteoarthritis should be treated with _______

**Do not use NSAIDs bc osteoarthritis is noninflammatory

Forward

After a total hip arthroplasty limit hip flexion to 90 degrees and avoid bending _____________

Post-op day 1

After a total hip arthroplasty when should the patient begin ambulating

Abductor

After a total hip arthroplasty a __________ pillow should be used

Osteoporosis

Bone reabsorption is greater than bone formation

MRSA

Osteomyelitis, an infection of the bone, is often caused by _________

Pin

________ care for skin care of skeletal traction

Baseline

The goal of amputation is back to ____________ mobility

Phantom limb pain

Most common complication with amputation

Compartment syndrome

Occurs when a fracture has been casted too tightly --> decreased bloodflow

Pain, pulse, pallor, paralysis, parethesia

5 p's of cast assessment