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40 weeks gestation

The typical duration of pregnancy from the first day of the last menstrual period to the due date.

Due date

The estimated date when a pregnant woman is expected to give birth, usually 40 weeks from the last menstrual period.

Nagel's rule

A method to calculate the estimated due date by subtracting 3 months from the first day of the last menstrual period and adding 7 days.

LMP

Last Menstrual Period; the starting point used for calculating gestational age and due date.

Term pregnancy

A pregnancy that reaches anywhere from 37 weeks to 42 weeks gestation.

Nesting

The preparation phase where expecting mothers organize and prepare for the arrival of the baby.

Fetal heart rate

The heartbeat of the fetus, typically measured between 110 to 160 beats per minute during pregnancy.

Supine hypotension

A drop in blood pressure that occurs when a pregnant woman lies flat on her back due to pressure from the uterus on blood vessels.

RhoGAM

An injection administered to Rh-negative mothers to prevent hemolytic disease in future pregnancies.

GBS

Group B Streptococcus, a bacteria that can cause infections in newborns if transmitted during childbirth.

CBC

Complete Blood Count; a blood test that measures various components of the blood and can indicate overall health during pregnancy.

Kegel exercises

Exercises aimed at strengthening the pelvic floor muscles, often recommended during and after pregnancy.

Prenatal care

Medical care provided to women during pregnancy to ensure the health of both mother and child.

Perinatal care

Care provided during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.

Psychosocial support

Emotional and social support provided to pregnant women to help them cope with the stresses of pregnancy.

Sexual health advice in pregnancy

Counseling regarding safe sexual practices during pregnancy, including the avoidance of certain activities in high-risk situations.

Postpartum care

Medical care given immediately after childbirth to ensure recovery for the mother.

Nutrition during pregnancy

Dietary guidelines and supplements (like prenatal vitamins) recommended for pregnant women to support fetal development.

Drug screening in pregnancy

The process of testing pregnant women for substance use to ensure the health of both the mother and the fetus.

Maternal-fetal transmission

The passing of infections or conditions from a mother to her fetus during pregnancy.

Anticipatory guidance

Providing information to expecting parents about what to expect during pregnancy, labor, and postpartum.

C-section

Cesarean section; a surgical procedure to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus.

Parental adaptation phases

Stages of psychological adjustment to pregnancy including acceptance of pregnancy, acceptance of the fetus, and preparation for parenthood.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) screening

Asking patients about safety in their relationships, especially during pregnancy when violence can escalate.

Doula

A trained professional who provides physical, emotional, and informational support to a mother before, during, and just after childbirth.

Fetal monitoring

The process of observing the fetal heartbeat and uterine contractions during labor.

Amniotic fluid

Liquid that surrounds and protects the fetus in the womb during pregnancy.

Ultrasound

A medical imaging technique used to view the developing fetus in the womb.

Rh factor

An inherited protein found on the surface of red blood cells that can affect pregnancy.

Preterm birth

Birth that occurs before 37 weeks of pregnancy have been completed.

Breastfeeding challenges

Difficulties that mothers may encounter when trying to breastfeed their newborns.

Congenital anomalies

Birth defects or abnormalities that occur during prenatal development.

Teratogens

Substances that can cause congenital anomalies or malformations in a developing fetus.

Non-compliance in healthcare

When patients do not follow recommended treatment plans or medical advice.

Colostrum

The first form of milk produced by the mammary glands post-birth, rich in antibodies.

Caffeine consumption

Recommendation for pregnant women to limit caffeine intake to no more than 200 mg per day.

Preconception care

Healthcare provided to women before they become pregnant to optimize health.

Genetic counseling

Advice provided to individuals or couples regarding the risk of hereditary conditions.

Mental health screenings

Assessments for anxiety or depression during and after pregnancy.

IV fluids during labor

Intravenous fluids that may be administered to pregnant patients during labor for hydration or medication.

Postpartum depression

A type of mood disorder associated with childbirth that can affect both parents.

Pregnancy complications

Medical problems that occur during pregnancy that can affect the health of the mother or baby.

Maternal health issues

Health problems faced by women during pregnancy, which can include preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and others.

Comorbidity

The presence of one or more additional conditions co-occurring with a primary condition.

Triage in maternity care

Assessing and prioritizing care for pregnant patients based on urgency and need.