Honors Jewish Law: Shabbat Unit

Malacha/Malachot

Work(s) of Creation

V'yirarech

Comes from baruch --> to bless

Yishbot

Comes from the word Shabbat --> to rest or cease

V'yikadash

Comes from Kadash --> Holy

Zachor

Remember

Shamor

To gaurd, observe, keep

TaNaKh

T = Torah (5 Books of Moses)

N - Nevi'im (Prophets --> people who deliver God's message)

K = Ketuvim (Writings)

Oneg

Delight; to enjoy

Kavod

Honor

Eruv

Extends private to public domain, allows people to engage in activities they could do in their house outside of their home on Shabbat

Usually, a wire or string around a neighborhood

Muktze

Objects that would lead someone to breaking Shabbat

Shvut

Laws created to protect the Torah laws (fence)

For Shabbat: laws that wouldn't allow potential consequences that would lead to breaking Shabbat

What are the 4 Cornerstones of Shabbat

1) Zachor

2) Shamor

3) Oneg

4) Kavod

Genesis 1:31 - 2:3

About days of creation

God finished work then blessed/declared it holy, and then ceased from all his work

Kushiya answer: His work on the 7th day was creating Shabbat.

Exodus 20:8 - 11

Zachor, remeber/keep shabbat, made in 6 days rested on 7th

Dueteronomy 5:12-15

Shamor, follow the laws of Shabbat, god saved us from egypt so we need to follow judaism

Laws that have to do with guarding Shabbat: Mishnah Shabbat, Mishnah Beitzah, Talmud Beitzah

The cornerstone of Shamor is what makes the space and time ot engage in all the other cornerstones

Exodus 35:1-3

If u dont follow Shabbat laws=death, no kindling fire or working

Building of the Tabernacle < following the laws of Shabbat (in this case not working)

Isaiah 58

Oneg/Kavod,

Jews were fasting to get Gods attentions but not with good intentions and not following other commandments

Rest, rejuvenate, reflect are outcomes of following the 4 cornerstones of Shabbat

You must honor and have joy and shabbat

Rashi Commentary of 35:2

Answers a big Kushiya from Exodus 35:1-3

Why are these two texts together? To express the importance of Shabbat in comparison to the building on the Tabernacleterm-23

Mishnah Shabbat 7:2

6 Catergories of things you cannot do on Shabbat (come from Exodus 35:1-3)

1) Agricultural Work

2) Baking/cooking

3) Fabric Work

4) Hunting

5) Writing

6) Building/Destroying

In Mishnah Shabbat 7:2, how many laws are there?

39 Laws

Mishnah Beitzah 5:2

Forced/Forbidden acts on Shabbat apply to other holy days, such as Yom Kippur

EX. swimming, climbing trees, dancing, hitting thighs, and clapping hands

Talmud Beitzah 36

Explains the prohibitions listed in Mishnah Beitzah

Tree= break branch

Animal: leave eruv (boundry), can’t hit horse, animal can’t work on shabbat.

Swim= raft

Sing= instraments can break

All prohibitions related to Mutkze

What cornerstone do most of the texts we have discussed fall into and why?

Shamor

Because we have been given a lot of restrictions that enable someone to follow the laws of Shabbat (to gaurd it)