POLISH CULTURE EXAM

What city is labeled “1”

GDYNIA

What city is labeled “2”

GDANSK

What city is labeled “3”

ELBLAG

What city is labeled “4”

KOSZALIN

What city is labeled “5”

SZCZECIN

What city is labeled “6”

OLSZTYN

What city is labeled “7”

ELK

What city is labeled “8”

BIALYSTOK

What city is labeled “9”

GRUDZIADZ

What city is labeled “10”

BYDGOSZCZ

What city is labeled “11”

POZNAN

What city is labeled “12”

INOWROCLAW

What city is labeled “13”

ZIELONA GORA

What city is labeled “14”

WARSAW

What city is labeled “15”

LODZ

What city is labeled “16”

WROCLAW

What city is labeled “17”

OPOLE

What city is labeled “18”

KIELCE

What city is labeled “19”

GLIWICE

What city is labeled “20”

BYTOM

What city is labeled “21”

KATOWICE

What city is labeled “22”

LUBLIN

What city is labeled “23”

KRAWKOW

What city is labeled “24”

RZESZOW

What city is labeled “25”

NOWY TARG

What city is labeled “26”

ZAKOPANE

What city is labeled “27”

TORUN

What happened in the year 966

• The Piast dynasty started and was the beginnings of the first Polish nation

• This event is commonly regarded as the establishment of Christianity in Poland and is considered a pivotal moment in Polish history

What happened in the year 1226

crusading military order fighting in Palestine . Duke Konrad I of Masovia brought them to fight against and to Christianize Baltic Old Prussians

What happened in the year 1386

The Grand Duke of Lithuania was baptized and married Queen Jadwiga of Poland, taking the name Władysław II Jagiełło and becoming King of Poland, starting the Jagiellonian Dynasty.

What happened in the year 1410

• Teutonic order was over thrown

• Battle of Grunwald, also known as the Battle of Tannenberg. This battle was a major confrontation between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, allied with the Kingdom of Bohemia, against the Teutonic Order, a powerful crusading military order based in the Baltic region

What happened in the year 1444

King Władysław III (Warneńczyk) killed at the battle of Varna against Turkish Ottoman Empire

What happened in the year 1525

The Grand Master of Teutonic Order, Albrecht Hohenzollern of Brandenburg converted to lutheranism and established Duchy of Prussia – a vassal to Polish Crown in the Prussian Homage given to Zygmunt Stary in Kraków

What happened in the year 1596

Royal court moved to Warsaw

What happened in the year 1648

Cossacks uprising led by Chmielnicki

What happened in the year 1654

attacks from Moscow Duchy

What happened in the year 1655

• series of invasions and wars, primarily involving the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which resulted in widespread devastation and turmoil.

• Russo Polish War between the tsardom of Russia and the polish

What happened in the year 1672

Turkish war

What happened in the year 1683

The Battle of Vienna

The large-scale battle was won by Polish-AustrianGerman forces led by King of Poland Jan III Sobieski against the Ottoman Empire army commanded by Grand Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha

What happened in the year 1791

polish constitution was signed

What happened in the year 1772

first Partition

What happened in the year 1795

• Poland was conquered and split up by Germany, Austria and Russia

• third Partition of Poland

What happened in the year 1918

Poland became an independent nation again after an interwar in poland

What happened in the year 1830

The November Uprising also known as the Cadet Revolution—was an armed rebellion against Russia’s rule in Poland.

What happened in the year 1863

The January Uprising was the longest Lithuanian and Polish uprising against the Russian Empire

What happened in the year 1914-1918

First World War

What happened in the year 1939

Poland invaded by Nazi

What happened in the year 1989

Poland transitioned into the government that it has today. known as the THIRD POLISH REPUBLIC

What happened in the year 1943

the Warsaw ghetto uprising began after German troops and police entered the ghetto to deport its surviving inhabitants

What happened in the year 1945-1989

Folks’ Republic of Poland Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa

What happened in the year 1956

Polish thaw

What happened in the year 1968

students’protests

What happened in the year 1970

workers riot

What happened in the year 1980

Solidarność ( Solidarity Union)

What happened in the year 1981

Martial Law

What happened in the year 1989

Rzeczpospolita Polska (Polish Republic)

LITERATURE

Mikołaj Rej 1505 - 1569

leading figure of Polish Renaissance literature, renowned for his humor, satire, and moral themes. Often called the "Father of Polish Literature," he championed the use of the Polish language in literature and contributed significantly to the nation's cultural identity.

LITERATURE

Jan Kochanowski 1530 - 1584

renowned Polish Renaissance poet and playwright, often hailed as the "Father of Polish Renaissance Literature." His works blend classical influences with Polish folk traditions, exploring themes of love, nature, and the human condition

LITERATURE

Adam Mickiewicz 1798 - 1855

a revered Polish Romantic poet, best known for his epic poem "Pan Tadeusz." Celebrated for his lyrical prowess and patriotic themes, he is considered a cultural icon, influencing Romanticism across Europe.

LITERATURE

Juliusz Słowacki 1809 -1849

a renowned Polish Romantic poet and playwright, celebrated for his imaginative works like "Balladyna" and "Kordian." His profound engagement with history and spirituality established him as a leading figure in Polish literature.

SCIENCE

Mikołaj Kopernik (Copernicus) 1473 -1543

Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who proposed the heliocentric model of the universe in his work "On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres," fundamentally changing our understanding of planetary motion and cosmology.

SCIENCE

Maria Skłodowska Curie (Nobel Prize) 1867 – 1934

a pioneering physicist and chemist who won Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry for her groundbreaking research on radioactivity.

ART

Piotr Michałowski

a renowned Polish painter celebrated for his historical scenes, portraits, and depictions of everyday life. His work, marked by vibrant brushwork and rich colors, played a significant role in Polish Romanticism.

ART

Jan Matejko

a celebrated Polish painter renowned for his historical canvases, which vividly depict key moments in Polish history. His meticulous attention to detail and dramatic compositions made him a pivotal figure in shaping Polish national identity through art.

ART

Józef Brandt

a celebrated Polish painter renowned for his detailed depictions of historical and military scenes, capturing the essence of patriotism and battle.

ART

Olga Boznańska

Polish painter acclaimed for her evocative portraits and intimate scenes. Influenced by Impressionism and Symbolism, her work reflects delicate emotions and mastery of light and color, solidifying her legacy as one of the foremost female artists of her era.

ART

Stanisław Wyspiański

Polish playwright, poet, and artist known for his contributions to the modernist movement. His works, such as "The Wedding," delve into themes of Polish identity and spirituality, blending literature with visual arts. Wyspiański's multidisciplinary approach left a lasting mark on Polish culture.

ART

Jacek Malczewski

Polish symbolist painter known for his deeply symbolic works, exploring themes of history, mythology, and spirituality.

MUSIC

Fryderyk Chopin

Polish Romantic composer and pianist, celebrated for his emotionally rich and technically brilliant piano compositions. His music, including nocturnes, mazurkas, and polonaises, is revered for its profound connection to Polish culture and its enduring popularity worldwide.

MUSIC

Stanisław Moniuszko

Polish composer, hailed as the "Father of Polish National Opera." His melodically rich works are cherished for their national character and lyrical expression, solidifying his legacy in Polish music history.

MUSIC

Ignacy Paderewski

celebrated Polish pianist, composer, and statesman. Known for his virtuosic performances, he also played a pivotal role in Polish politics, serving as Prime Minister and Foreign Minister after World War I.

MUSIC

Karol Szymanowski

leading Polish composer known for his innovative blend of traditional folk elements with Western and Eastern musical influences. His richly colorful and expressive compositions spanned symphonies, concertos, chamber music, and operas, leaving a lasting legacy in Polish music history.

January

Styczeń

February

Luty

March

Marzec

April

Kwiecień

May

Maj

June

Czerwiec

July

Lipiec

August

Sierpień

September

Wrzesień

October

Październik

November

Listopad

December

Grudzień

1

jeden

2

dwa

3

trzy

4

cztery

5

pięć

6

sześć

7

siedem

8

osiem

9

dziewięć

10

dziesięć

11

jedenaście

12

dwanaście

13

trzynaście

14

czternaście

15

piętnaście

16

szesnaście