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What city is labeled “1”
GDYNIA
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GDANSK
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ELBLAG
What city is labeled “4”
KOSZALIN
What city is labeled “5”
SZCZECIN
What city is labeled “6”
OLSZTYN
What city is labeled “7”
ELK
What city is labeled “8”
BIALYSTOK
What city is labeled “9”
GRUDZIADZ
What city is labeled “10”
BYDGOSZCZ
What city is labeled “11”
POZNAN
What city is labeled “12”
INOWROCLAW
What city is labeled “13”
ZIELONA GORA
What city is labeled “14”
WARSAW
What city is labeled “15”
LODZ
What city is labeled “16”
WROCLAW
What city is labeled “17”
OPOLE
What city is labeled “18”
KIELCE
What city is labeled “19”
GLIWICE
What city is labeled “20”
BYTOM
What city is labeled “21”
KATOWICE
What city is labeled “22”
LUBLIN
What city is labeled “23”
KRAWKOW
What city is labeled “24”
RZESZOW
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NOWY TARG
What city is labeled “26”
ZAKOPANE
What city is labeled “27”
TORUN
What happened in the year 966
The Piast dynasty started and was the beginnings of the first Polish nation
This event is commonly regarded as the establishment of Christianity in Poland and is considered a pivotal moment in Polish history
What happened in the year 1226
crusading military order fighting in Palestine . Duke Konrad I of Masovia brought them to fight against and to Christianize Baltic Old Prussians
What happened in the year 1386
The Grand Duke of Lithuania was baptized and married Queen Jadwiga of Poland, taking the name Władysław II Jagiełło and becoming King of Poland, starting the Jagiellonian Dynasty.
What happened in the year 1410
Teutonic order was over thrown
Battle of Grunwald, also known as the Battle of Tannenberg. This battle was a major confrontation between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, allied with the Kingdom of Bohemia, against the Teutonic Order, a powerful crusading military order based in the Baltic region
What happened in the year 1444
King Władysław III (Warneńczyk) killed at the battle of Varna against Turkish Ottoman Empire
What happened in the year 1525
The Grand Master of Teutonic Order, Albrecht Hohenzollern of Brandenburg converted to lutheranism and established Duchy of Prussia – a vassal to Polish Crown in the Prussian Homage given to Zygmunt Stary in Kraków
What happened in the year 1596
Royal court moved to Warsaw
What happened in the year 1648
Cossacks uprising led by Chmielnicki
What happened in the year 1654
attacks from Moscow Duchy
What happened in the year 1655
series of invasions and wars, primarily involving the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which resulted in widespread devastation and turmoil.
Russo Polish War between the tsardom of Russia and the polish
What happened in the year 1672
Turkish war
What happened in the year 1683
The Battle of Vienna
The large-scale battle was won by Polish-AustrianGerman forces led by King of Poland Jan III Sobieski against the Ottoman Empire army commanded by Grand Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha
What happened in the year 1791
polish constitution was signed
What happened in the year 1772
first Partition
What happened in the year 1795
Poland was conquered and split up by Germany, Austria and Russia
third Partition of Poland
What happened in the year 1918
Poland became an independent nation again after an interwar in poland
What happened in the year 1830
The November Uprising also known as the Cadet Revolution—was an armed rebellion against Russia’s rule in Poland.
What happened in the year 1863
The January Uprising was the longest Lithuanian and Polish uprising against the Russian Empire
What happened in the year 1914-1918
First World War
What happened in the year 1939
Poland invaded by Nazi
What happened in the year 1989
Poland transitioned into the government that it has today. known as the THIRD POLISH REPUBLIC
What happened in the year 1943
the Warsaw ghetto uprising began after German troops and police entered the ghetto to deport its surviving inhabitants
What happened in the year 1945-1989
Folks’ Republic of Poland Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa
What happened in the year 1956
Polish thaw
What happened in the year 1968
students’protests
What happened in the year 1970
workers riot
What happened in the year 1980
Solidarność ( Solidarity Union)
What happened in the year 1981
Martial Law
What happened in the year 1989
Rzeczpospolita Polska (Polish Republic)
LITERATURE
Mikołaj Rej 1505 - 1569
leading figure of Polish Renaissance literature, renowned for his humor, satire, and moral themes. Often called the "Father of Polish Literature," he championed the use of the Polish language in literature and contributed significantly to the nation's cultural identity.
LITERATURE
Jan Kochanowski 1530 - 1584
renowned Polish Renaissance poet and playwright, often hailed as the "Father of Polish Renaissance Literature." His works blend classical influences with Polish folk traditions, exploring themes of love, nature, and the human condition
LITERATURE
Adam Mickiewicz 1798 - 1855
a revered Polish Romantic poet, best known for his epic poem "Pan Tadeusz." Celebrated for his lyrical prowess and patriotic themes, he is considered a cultural icon, influencing Romanticism across Europe.
LITERATURE
Juliusz Słowacki 1809 -1849
a renowned Polish Romantic poet and playwright, celebrated for his imaginative works like "Balladyna" and "Kordian." His profound engagement with history and spirituality established him as a leading figure in Polish literature.
SCIENCE
Mikołaj Kopernik (Copernicus) 1473 -1543
Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who proposed the heliocentric model of the universe in his work "On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres," fundamentally changing our understanding of planetary motion and cosmology.
SCIENCE
Maria Skłodowska Curie (Nobel Prize) 1867 – 1934
a pioneering physicist and chemist who won Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry for her groundbreaking research on radioactivity.
ART
Piotr Michałowski
a renowned Polish painter celebrated for his historical scenes, portraits, and depictions of everyday life. His work, marked by vibrant brushwork and rich colors, played a significant role in Polish Romanticism.
ART
Jan Matejko
a celebrated Polish painter renowned for his historical canvases, which vividly depict key moments in Polish history. His meticulous attention to detail and dramatic compositions made him a pivotal figure in shaping Polish national identity through art.
ART
Józef Brandt
a celebrated Polish painter renowned for his detailed depictions of historical and military scenes, capturing the essence of patriotism and battle.
ART
Olga Boznańska
Polish painter acclaimed for her evocative portraits and intimate scenes. Influenced by Impressionism and Symbolism, her work reflects delicate emotions and mastery of light and color, solidifying her legacy as one of the foremost female artists of her era.
ART
Stanisław Wyspiański
Polish playwright, poet, and artist known for his contributions to the modernist movement. His works, such as "The Wedding," delve into themes of Polish identity and spirituality, blending literature with visual arts. Wyspiański's multidisciplinary approach left a lasting mark on Polish culture.
ART
Jacek Malczewski
Polish symbolist painter known for his deeply symbolic works, exploring themes of history, mythology, and spirituality.
MUSIC
Fryderyk Chopin
Polish Romantic composer and pianist, celebrated for his emotionally rich and technically brilliant piano compositions. His music, including nocturnes, mazurkas, and polonaises, is revered for its profound connection to Polish culture and its enduring popularity worldwide.
MUSIC
Stanisław Moniuszko
Polish composer, hailed as the "Father of Polish National Opera." His melodically rich works are cherished for their national character and lyrical expression, solidifying his legacy in Polish music history.
MUSIC
Ignacy Paderewski
celebrated Polish pianist, composer, and statesman. Known for his virtuosic performances, he also played a pivotal role in Polish politics, serving as Prime Minister and Foreign Minister after World War I.
MUSIC
Karol Szymanowski
leading Polish composer known for his innovative blend of traditional folk elements with Western and Eastern musical influences. His richly colorful and expressive compositions spanned symphonies, concertos, chamber music, and operas, leaving a lasting legacy in Polish music history.
January
Styczeń
February
Luty
March
Marzec
April
Kwiecień
May
Maj
June
Czerwiec
July
Lipiec
August
Sierpień
September
Wrzesień
October
Październik
November
Listopad
December
Grudzień
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jeden
2
dwa
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trzy
4
cztery
5
pięć
6
sześć
7
siedem
8
osiem
9
dziewięć
10
dziesięć
11
jedenaście
12
dwanaście
13
trzynaście
14
czternaście
15
piętnaście
16
szesnaście
Note
Flashcard