Comparative Anatomy test 1

Eukarya

Domain - of life that includes all organisms with complex cells, including animals, plants, fungi, and protists.

Prokaryotes

Domain- Organisms without a nucleus, including bacteria and archaea.

4 Kingdoms (all apart of Eukarya)

Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista

Animalia

the kingdom that encompasses all animals, characterized by multicellular organisms that are typically motile and heterotrophic.

Plantae

the kingdom of multicellular, primarily photosynthetic organisms, including trees, shrubs, and flowering plants. (autotroph)

Fungi

the kingdom that includes eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients through absorption (heterotroph), typically characterized by a cell wall made of chitin and including molds, yeasts, and mushrooms.

Protista

a diverse kingdom of mostly unicellular eukaryotic organisms, such as protozoa and algae, that do not fit into the other kingdoms of life.

7 Phylums (all apart of animalia)

Chordata, Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropod, Echinodermata, Cnidaria, Porifera

Chordatta

• fish, birds, mammals

• dorsal, hollow nerve cord

• notochord (cartilaginous rod)

• post anal tail

annelida

• segmented body

• many organs repeat in each segment

• closed circulatory system

• think: worms

Mollusca

• foot, visceral mass, mantle

• body cavity

• open circulatory system

• think: squid, snails, octopus

Arthropod

• segmented body

• external skeleton made of chitin

• jointed appendages

• think: spiders, lobster, barnicle

Echinodermata

• mostly radially symetrical

• external spine

• regenerate body parts

• Think: sea urchin, starfish

Cnidaria

• 2 types of tissues

  • epidermis, digestive

• have stinging cells

• radially symmetrical

• think: Jellyfish, coral

Porifera

• stationary

• spongy

• think: sycon?

10 classes (all apart of chordatta)

• 3 weird fish

  • tunicates

  • hagfish

  • lamprey

• 3 normal looking fish

  • cartilaginous

  • bony

  • lobe finned

• 4 other stuff

  • amphibians

  • reptiles

  • aves

  • mammals

tunicate (weird)

• no brain, eyes

• suspension feeder

• they have a notochord as larva

hagfish (weird)

• cephalization (they have a head?)

• no skull, or jaw

• vertebral column = cartilage

• eye spots

Lamprey (weird)

• cartilaginous backbone

• no jaw

• more developed eyes

  • can see images

Cartilaginous (FISH)

• cartilaginous skeletons

• electric sense organs

• lateral line (senses difference in water pressure)

• THINK: HAMMER HEAD SHARK

Boney (FISH)

• boney skeleton

• ray fins

• operculum

  • a bony flap covering the gills

• THINK: common carp, salmon?

Lobe finned (FISH)

• lobed shaped fins

• boney

• rod shaped bones in fin

• think: LUNG FISH?

Reptiles (TETRAPOD)

• tough, keratin skin

• ectothermic: depend on the environment around them

  • cold blooded

• LIZARD LIZARD LIZARD

Aves (TETRAPOD)

• feathers

• endothermic: producing own body heat

  • warm blooded

• hard shelled egs

Amphibians (TETRAPOD)

• live in wet habitats

• breathe through their skin

• need water to reproduce

• FROG

Mammas (TETRAPOD)

• hair

• mammary glands: produce milk

• endothermic

• live offspring

• HUMAN DOG MEOW