Biology

10th grade study cards, Chapter 1

biology

the study of living things

organisms

living things

habitats

regions where particular organisms normally live

botany

study of plants

zoology

the study of animals

human anatomy

study of physical structure

physiology

The study of body function

flowers

help plants reproduce after their kind

leaves

manufacture plant's food through photosynthesis

stems

transport substances and stores food

woody plants

live several years and develop a large amount of wood

tree

A plant with a single tall, woody stem capable of standing erect without support

shrub

a plant that has several low, woody stems near the ground and can stand erect without support

herbaceous plants

nonwoody plants

vine

long, thin stem that either grows along the ground or has tendrils that twine around a support

roots

Absorbs water and minerals from the ground, anchors the plant to the soil, and stores food

taproot system

main root grows straight down and remains larger than the secondary roots that branch off from it

fibrous root system

the primary root remains small and many slender secondary roots grow from it in all directions

angiosperms

flowering seed pants, whose flowers produce seeds covered by fruit

what part of plants known to mankind is angiosperms

about half

composite family

Largest family of angiosperms, also called sunflower family

disk flowers

the flowers in the center of the head

ray flowers

flowers arranged around the disk flowers

name five composite family examples

daisy, aster, goldenrod, dandelion, and sunflower

mint family

produce a flavorful oil

name five examples of mint family

oregano, basil, sage, lavender, and marjoram

parsley family

flowers of most of these plants have a complex designs

name five examples of the parsley family

carrot, celery, parsley, dill, and water hemlock

annual

single growing season plants

biennials

live two growing seasons

perennials

flowering plants that live for more than two years or growing seasons